Personal Finance Tax Update
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780357438947
Author: E. Thomas Garman; Raymond Forgue
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 4.3, Problem 4CC
Summary Introduction
To Explain: Three strategies to avoid overpayment of income taxes.
Concept Introduction: Tax planning is done to minimize the taxable income and tax. Tax planning is essential for every person to save taxes. If tax planning is ignored, it will result in higher amount of taxes and lower amount of capital balance of a person.
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Moose Enterprises finds it is necessary to determine its marginal cost of capital. Moose’s current capital structure calls for 50 percent debt, 30 percent preferred stock, and 20 percent common equity. Initially, common equity will be in the form of retained earnings (Ke) and then new common stock (Kn). The costs of the various sources of financing are as follows: debt, 9.6 percent; preferred stock, 9 percent; retained earnings, 10 percent; and new common stock, 11.2 percent. a. What is the initial weighted average cost of capital? (Include debt, preferred stock, and common equity in the form of retained earnings, Ke.) b. If the firm has $18 million in retained earnings, at what size capital structure will the firm run out of retained earnings? c. What will the marginal cost of capital be immediately after that point? (Equity will remain at 20 percent of the capital structure, but will all be in the form of new common stock, Kn.) d. The 9.6 percent cost of debt referred to earlier…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Personal Finance Tax Update
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.1 - Explain why some taxpayers have an effective...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 6CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 7CC
Ch. 4.3 - Distinguish between two major types of...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 4 - Calculate Tax Liability. What would be the tax...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2DTMCh. 4 - Determine Tax Liability. Find the tax Liabilities...Ch. 4 - Use Tax Rate Schedule. Jared Goff, of Los Angeles,...Ch. 4 - Use Tax Rate Schedule. Carson Wentz, of...Ch. 4 - Review Figure 4-1 on page 117 and comment on the...Ch. 4 - The Johnsons Calculate Their Income Taxes Several...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2FPCCh. 4 - Prob. 3FPCCh. 4 - Prob. 4FPCCh. 4 - Taxable Versus Tax-Exempt Bonds Paxton Lynch,...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6FPCCh. 4 - Prob. 3BYOPFM
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- 7. Berkeley Farms wants to determine the minimum cost of capital point for the firm. Assume it is considering the following financial plans: Cost (aftertax) Weights Plan A Debt .................................. 4.0% 30% Preferred stock .................. 8.0 15 Common equity ................. 12.0 55 Plan B Debt .................................. 4.5% 40% Preferred stock .................. 8.5 15 Common equity ................. 13.0 45 Plan C Debt .................................. 5.0% 45% Preferred stock .................. 18.7 15 Common equity ................. 12.8 40 Plan D Debt .................................. 12.0% 50% Preferred stock .................. 19.2 15 Common equity ................. 14.5 35 a. Which of the four plans has the lowest weighted average cost of capital? Use the Kd (cost of debt) = Y(1 - T), Kp (Cost of preferred stock) = Dp/Pp - F, Ke = D1/P0 + g formulas or I will not understand.arrow_forwardNeed use the Kd (cost of debt) = Y(1 - T), Kp (Cost of preferred stock) = Dp/Pp - F, Ke = D1/P0 + g formulas or I will not understand. Delta Corporation has the following capital structure: Cost Weighted (after-tax) Weights Cost Debt 8.1% 35% 2.84% Preferred stock (Kp) 9.6 5 .48 Common equity (Ke) (retained earnings) 10.1 60 6.06 Weighted average cost of capital (Ka) 9.38% a. If the firm has $18…arrow_forwardDelta Corporation has the following capital structure: Cost Weighted (after-tax) Weights Cost Debt 8.1% 35% 2.84% Preferred stock (Kp) 9.6 5 .48 Common equity (Ke) (retained earnings) 10.1 60 6.06 Weighted average cost of capital (Ka) 9.38% a. If the firm has $18 million in retained earnings, at what size capital structure will the firm run out of retained earnings? b. The 8.1 percent cost of…arrow_forward
- Dillon Enterprises has the following capDillon Enterprises has the following capital structure. Debt ........................ 40% Common equity ....... 60 The after-tax cost of debt is 6 percent, and the cost of common equity (in the form of retained earnings) is 13 percent. What is the firm’s weighted average cost of capital? a. An outside consultant has suggested that because debt is cheaper than equity, the firm should switch to a capital structure that is 50 percent debt and 50 percent equity. Under this new and more debt-oriented arrangement, the after-tax cost of debt is 7 percent, and the cost of common equity (in the form of retained earnings) is 15 percent. Recalculate the firm’s weighted average cost of capital. b. Which plan is optimal in terms of minimizing the weighted average cost of capital?arrow_forwardCompute Ke and Kn under the following circumstances: a. D1= $5, P0=$70, g=8%, F=$7 b. D1=$0.22, P0=$28, g=7%, F=2.50 c. E1 (earnings at the end of period one) = $7, payout ratio equals 40 percent, P0= $30, g=6%, F=$2,20. Note: D1 is the earnings times the payout rate. d. D0 (dividend at the beginning of the first period) = $6, growth rate for dividends and earnings (g)=7%, P0=$60, F=$3. You will need to calculate D1 (the dividend after the first period).arrow_forwardTerrier Company is in a 45 percent tax bracket and has a bond outstanding that yields 11 percent to maturity. a. What is Terrier's after-tax cost of debt? b. Assume that the yield on the bond goes down by 1 percentage point, and due to tax reform, the corporate tax falls to 30 percent. What is Terrier's new aftertax cost of debt? c. Has the after-tax cost of debt gone up or down from part a to part b? Explain why.arrow_forward
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