To discuss:
The infectious process associated with helminthic infections, protozoal infections, and malarial infections.
Concept introduction:
Malaria is the most important protozoal disease (in terms of mortality and morbidity). Malaria is a deadly disease that is caused by Plasmodium (protozoan
Helminthic infections are caused by parasitic worms like ascardia, liver fluke, and tapeworm.

Explanation of Solution
The infectious process associated with helminthic infections, protozoal infections, and malarial infections are as follows:
Malarial infections:
Malarial transmission occurs by the bite of an infested mosquito (female anopheline). It is also caused congenitally (mother to fetus) and by blood transfusions.
The life cycle of Plasmodium species involves two stages. They are sexual cycle (inside the mosquito) and asexual cycle (occurs in the human being). The asexual cycle consists of two phases, which includes the exoerythrocytic phase (other than erythrocytes) and erythrocytic phase (occurs inside the erythrocyte) or blood phase.
An anopheles (infected) mosquito acts as a carrier to transport the parasite into the human. The liver is the place where the parasite gets matured and enters into the blood and starts breaking the red blood cells.
Helminthic infections:
Helminthic infections are considered as a worldwide problem. It is also called as worm infections. Cestodes (tapeworm), Nematodes (roundworms), Platyhelminthes (
Other protozoal infections:
Protozoal infections include Giardiasis (causative agent is Giardia lamblia), Toxoplasmosis (causative agent is Toxoplasma gondii), Amebiasis (causative agent is Entamoebahistolytica), and Trichomoniasis (causative agent is Trichomonas vaginalis). They are transmitted by sexual contact (person to person), contaminated food or water ingestion, bite of an insect (direct handling of the parasite). They initially infect residues in the human liver and slowly travel to various parts of the body like the liver.
The infectious process associated with helminthic infections, protozoal infections, and malarial infections are discussed.
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Chapter 43 Solutions
EBK PHARMACOLOGY AND THE NURSING PROCES
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