CAMPBELL BIOLOGY,VOL.II >CUSTOM<
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781323803677
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 41, Problem 41.4CR
How does human anatomy indicate that our primate ancestors were not strict vegetarians?
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In mammals , the evolution/ development of the organs of the digestive system is closely related to a) the release of inducer molecules by specific cells b) the specialization of epithelial cells of the endoderm c) the specialization of neurocytes from the ectoderm d) the specialization of stem cells from the mesoderm to from blood vessels e) all of these occur as the digestive system develops
Thousands of years ago, the jaws and teeth of jaguars were more varied in size than they are today. During a period of climate change about 11,000 years ago, jaguars faced a shortage of food. There were fewer mammals to eat, so the jaguars had to eat shelled reptiles. The jaguars with the largest jaws and teeth could most easily eat the shelled reptiles. Which of the following statements best explains why large jaws and teeth are common characteristics in jaguars today?
Jaguars with smallest jaws and teeth died out completely.
Jaguars with the smallest jaws and teeth were not able to mate.
Jaguars with the largest jaws and teeth survived and reproduced more successfully than the other jaguars.
Jaguars with the largest jaws and teeth strengthened them by using them more frequently than the other jaguars.
Vertebrates have a complete digestive system, which means that their digestive tract has two openings, a mouth and an anus. What are some of the evolutionary advantages among animals with a complete digestive tract?
Chapter 41 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY,VOL.II >CUSTOM<
Ch. 41.1 - An animal requires 20 amino acids to make...Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41.1 - WHAT IF? If a zoo animal eating ample food shows...Ch. 41.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 41.2 - In what sense are nutrients from a recently...Ch. 41.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41.3 - Explain why a proton pump inhibitor, such as the...Ch. 41.3 - Thinking about our nutritional needs and feeding...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 41.4 - What features of a mammal's digestive system make...Ch. 41.4 - WHAT IF? "Lactose-intolerant" people have a...Ch. 41.5 - Explain how people can become obese even if their...Ch. 41.5 - WHAT IF? Suppose you were studying two groups of...Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41 - Prob. 41.1CRCh. 41 - Propose an artificial diet that would eliminate...Ch. 41 - Prob. 41.3CRCh. 41 - How does human anatomy indicate that our primate...Ch. 41 - Prob. 41.5CRCh. 41 - Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol....Ch. 41 - The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect...Ch. 41 - Which of the following organs is incorrectly...Ch. 41 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 41 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 41 - After surgical removal of the gallbladder, a...Ch. 41 - If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch,...Ch. 41 - DRAW IT Create a flowchart to summarize the events...Ch. 41 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Lizards and snakes cannot...Ch. 41 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In human populations of...Ch. 41 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION Hair is largely...Ch. 41 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Hummingbirds are well...
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- What might have been some evolutionary pressures acting on animals that led to the internalization of digestive systems?arrow_forwardThe presence of villi and smooth muscle increases the surface area for nutrient absorption in the gut of many animals. This statement is (T/F). • If true, enter x in the blanks below. • If false, then how would you change the sentence to make it correct? You can change two words at most. Changes that just reverse the meaning (e.g. changing "is" to "isn't" or "all" to "none") will not earn credit. I would change the word(s) to the word(s) to make the sentence correct.arrow_forwardIn the evolution of the vertebrates , the myocytes provide the stem cells for a) smooth mucscles that surround some of the capillaries to form arteries and veins b) inducing specialization of the ethodelial cells of the liver c) inducing the specialization of the ethodelial Beta cells of the pancreas d) inducing the speacialization of the epithelial cells of in the development of brain and spinal cord e) All of these are truearrow_forward
- Can you suggest why, during the evolutionary history of animals, there has been a tendency for maximum body size to increase? Do you think it inevitable that complexity should increase along with body size? Why or why not?arrow_forwardA) Give an example of an animal that has a complete digestive tract. B) What is the most abundant and successful group of animals on earth today? C) Name at least three ways in which this group benefits humans. D) Name at least three ways in which this group causes trouble for humans.arrow_forwardThe evolution of jaws was a novel adaption that allowed organisms to process larger particles of food. True or false ?arrow_forward
- What adaptive benefit do the three middle ear bones afford mammals? A) These bones helped to improve chewing, allow ancient mammals to diversify their diet. B) These bones improve hearing by allowing vibrations to be better picked up in air and the detection of higher frequencies. C) These bones allowed the detection of vibrations (hearing) for the first time in evolutionary history. D) These bones improve vision by providing an additional anchor point for the optic nerve.arrow_forwardNutrition and Digestion Identify the different modes of feeding mechanisms found in the Animal Kingdom, describe each and give 2 example animals for each mode. Why do Cnidarians, Flatworms and Protists have simple or no extensively developed digestive system? (clue: mention their digestive structure and their mode of feeding) What are the structural adaptations of snakes that allowed them to eat and digest a whole prey? Why do insects of one species have a changing diet requirement during their life history? Different birds have varying food habits, discuss the structural and physiological adaptations that allow them to process these foods. What are the four stages of the digestive process, describe each stage/step and indicate what are the products/substances produced and their fate? Discuss the role of the endocrine system in controlling digestion. (no plagiarism pls, thank u!)arrow_forwardWhich is NOT a common characteristic of mammals? A) have small brains compared to skull size B) have three middle ear bones C) have hair or fur D) young are fed milk produced by the mothers mammary glandsarrow_forward
- In the evolutionary tree of vertebrates, birds are most closely related to: a) Mammals b) Crocodiles c) Placoderms d) Salamandersarrow_forwardWhat is the mode of nutrition of an organism named Monkey? a.)Photo-autotrophic b.)Chemo-autotrophic c.)Saprophytic d.)Parasitic e.)Herbivore f.)Carnivore g.)Omnivorearrow_forwardyou are dissecting a sea star on the arboral side and you remove the endoskeleton of one arm only, not the central disc. What is the organ that should be sitting at the top? a) ambulacral ridge b) water vascular system c) gonads d) pyloric caecaarrow_forward
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