Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 41, Problem 41.4CR
How does human anatomy indicate that our primate ancestors were not strict vegetarians?
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Vertebrates have a complete digestive system, which means that their digestive tract has two openings, a mouth and an anus. What are some of the evolutionary advantages among animals with a complete digestive tract?
What might have been some evolutionary pressures acting on animals that led to the internalization of digestive systems?
Chapter 41 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 41.1 - An animal requires 20 amino acids to make...Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41.1 - WHAT IF? If a zoo animal eating ample food shows...Ch. 41.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 41.2 - In what sense are nutrients from a recently...Ch. 41.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41.3 - Explain why a proton pump inhibitor, such as the...Ch. 41.3 - Thinking about our nutritional needs and feeding...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 41.4 - What features of a mammal's digestive system make...Ch. 41.4 - WHAT IF? "Lactose-intolerant" people have a...Ch. 41.5 - Explain how people can become obese even if their...Ch. 41.5 - WHAT IF? Suppose you were studying two groups of...Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41 - Prob. 41.1CRCh. 41 - Propose an artificial diet that would eliminate...Ch. 41 - Prob. 41.3CRCh. 41 - How does human anatomy indicate that our primate...Ch. 41 - Prob. 41.5CRCh. 41 - Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol....Ch. 41 - The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect...Ch. 41 - Which of the following organs is incorrectly...Ch. 41 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 41 - After surgical removal of the gallbladder, a...Ch. 41 - If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch,...Ch. 41 - DRAW IT Create a flowchart to summarize the events...Ch. 41 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 41 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In human populations of...Ch. 41 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION Hair is largely...Ch. 41 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Hummingbirds are well...
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- In the evolution of the vertebrates , the myocytes provide the stem cells for a) smooth mucscles that surround some of the capillaries to form arteries and veins b) inducing specialization of the ethodelial cells of the liver c) inducing the specialization of the ethodelial Beta cells of the pancreas d) inducing the speacialization of the epithelial cells of in the development of brain and spinal cord e) All of these are truearrow_forwardCan you suggest why, during the evolutionary history of animals, there has been a tendency for maximum body size to increase? Do you think it inevitable that complexity should increase along with body size? Why or why not?arrow_forwardA) Give an example of an animal that has a complete digestive tract. B) What is the most abundant and successful group of animals on earth today? C) Name at least three ways in which this group benefits humans. D) Name at least three ways in which this group causes trouble for humans.arrow_forward
- The evolution of jaws was a novel adaption that allowed organisms to process larger particles of food. True or false ?arrow_forwardWhat adaptive benefit do the three middle ear bones afford mammals? A) These bones helped to improve chewing, allow ancient mammals to diversify their diet. B) These bones improve hearing by allowing vibrations to be better picked up in air and the detection of higher frequencies. C) These bones allowed the detection of vibrations (hearing) for the first time in evolutionary history. D) These bones improve vision by providing an additional anchor point for the optic nerve.arrow_forwardNutrition and Digestion Identify the different modes of feeding mechanisms found in the Animal Kingdom, describe each and give 2 example animals for each mode. Why do Cnidarians, Flatworms and Protists have simple or no extensively developed digestive system? (clue: mention their digestive structure and their mode of feeding) What are the structural adaptations of snakes that allowed them to eat and digest a whole prey? Why do insects of one species have a changing diet requirement during their life history? Different birds have varying food habits, discuss the structural and physiological adaptations that allow them to process these foods. What are the four stages of the digestive process, describe each stage/step and indicate what are the products/substances produced and their fate? Discuss the role of the endocrine system in controlling digestion. (no plagiarism pls, thank u!)arrow_forward
- Which is NOT a common characteristic of mammals? A) have small brains compared to skull size B) have three middle ear bones C) have hair or fur D) young are fed milk produced by the mothers mammary glandsarrow_forwardIn the evolutionary tree of vertebrates, birds are most closely related to: a) Mammals b) Crocodiles c) Placoderms d) Salamandersarrow_forwardyou are dissecting a sea star on the arboral side and you remove the endoskeleton of one arm only, not the central disc. What is the organ that should be sitting at the top? a) ambulacral ridge b) water vascular system c) gonads d) pyloric caecaarrow_forward
- Desert owls are inactive during the day and active at night. They also have small bodies. This describes a ________ adaptation to the hot and dry desert. CHECK ALL THAT WOULD APPLY A)physiological B)anatomical C)behavioral D)No answerarrow_forwardUngulates Ungulates, such as deer, reindeer, and elk, are hoofed mammals. These animals have keen hearing, clear vision, supple, well-conditioned muscles, and razor sharp reflexes. The evolution of the four-chambered stomach in ungulates developed as a result of a need to eat quickly in the open and chew later in the safety of cover. This process is called ruminating or "chewing the cud." In other words, ungulates regurgitate and then re- chew their food. Which of the following would be considered a physiological adaptation of ungulates? A) their four-chambered stomach B) their long legs, which help them outrun predators C) their ability to stand perfectly still, which helps them avoid predators D) their ability to hibernate to avoid cold wintersarrow_forwardWhich of the following organs can be found in the thorax of a pig? --all three of the organs in this list are in the thorax --only two of the organs in this list are in the thorax --lungs --heart --esophagusarrow_forward
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