Tutorials in Introductory Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780130970695
Author: Peter S. Shaffer, Lillian C. McDermott
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4.1, Problem 1aT
Draw arrows on the diagram to represent the direction of the velocity for each of the points A, 13, and C at the instantshown. Explain your reasoning.
Is the time taken by points B and C to move through one complete circle greater than, less than, or the same as thetime taken by point A?
On the basis of your answer above, determine how the speeds of points A, B, and C compare. Explain.
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
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Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
Submit
Request Answer
Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
Request Answer
?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
Ch. 4.1 - Draw arrows on the diagram to represent the...Ch. 4.1 - Mark the position of each of the labeled points at...Ch. 4.1 - Suppose the wheel makes one complete revolution in...Ch. 4.1 - Would two observers on either side of a rotating...Ch. 4.1 - The diagrams at right show top and side views of...Ch. 4.1 - In the space at right sketch the position vectors...Ch. 4.1 - Let | in terms of |o| . 1. The wheel is made to...Ch. 4.1 - Suppose the wheel slows down uniformly, so that ||...Ch. 4.1 - A force of magnitude Fo is applied to point M as...Ch. 4.1 - Compare the magnitude of the net torque about the...
Ch. 4.2 - A ruler is placed on a pivot and held at an angle...Ch. 4.2 - Draw a free-body diagram for the ruler (after it...Ch. 4.2 - How would your free-body diagram change if the...Ch. 4.2 - Predict: which spool will reach the floor first....Ch. 4.2 - Obtain two spools and a ring stand. Use the...Ch. 4.2 - Consider the following discussion between three...Ch. 4.2 - Write down Newton’s second law for each spool....Ch. 4.3 - A T-shaped board of uniform mass density has two...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 1bTCh. 4.3 - Attach day to the bottom left side of the board so...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2bTCh. 4.3 - C. Imagine that the T-shaped board (with no clay...
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