Understanding Motor Controls
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337798686
Author: Stephen L. Herman
Publisher: Delmar Cengage Learning
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Chapter 40, Problem 5RQ
What is the brute-force method of grounding?
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2. Consider a polymeric membrane within a 6 cm diameter stirred ultrafiltration cell. The membrane is
30 μm thick. The membrane has pores equivalent in size to a spherical molecule with a molecular weight
of 100,000, a porosity of 80%, and a tortuosity of 2.5. On the feed side of the membrane, we have a
solution containing a protein at a concentration of 8 g L-1 with these properties: a = 3 nm and DAB = 6.0 ×
10-7 cm² s¹. The solution viscosity is 1 cP. The hydrodynamic pressure on the protein side of the
membrane is 20 pounds per square inch (psi) higher than on the filtrate side of the membrane. Assume
that the hydrodynamic pressure difference is much larger than the osmotic pressure difference
(advection >> diffusion). Determine the convective flow rate of the solution across the membrane.
1. Calculate the filtration flow rate (cm³ s¹) of a pure fluid across a 100 cm² membrane. Assume the
viscosity (µ) of the fluid is 1.8 cP. The porosity of the membrane is 40% and the thickness of the
membrane is 500 μm. The pores run straight through the membrane and these pores have a radius of
0.225 μm. The pressure drop applied across the membrane is 75 psi. (Note: 1 cP = 0.001 N s m²² = 0.001
Pa s.)
3. Tong and Anderson (1996) obtained for BSA the following data in a polyacrylamide gel for the
partition coefficient (K) as a function of the gel volume fraction (4). The BSA they used had a molecular
weight of 67,000, a molecular radius of 3.6 nm, and a diffusivity of 6 × 10-7 cm2 s-1. Compare the
Ogston equation
K=exp
+
to their data and obtain an estimate for the radius of the cylindrical fibers (af) that comprise the gel.
Hint: You will need to plot Ink as a function of gel volume fraction as part of your analysis. Please include
your MATLAB, or other, code with your solution.
Gel Volume Fraction (4)
KBSA
0.00
1.0
0.025
0.35
0.05
0.09
0.06
0.05
0.075
0.017
0.085
0.02
0.105
0.03
Chapter 40 Solutions
Understanding Motor Controls
Ch. 40 - Explain the difference between digital inputs and...Ch. 40 - Why should signal wire runs be kept as short as...Ch. 40 - When signal wiring must cross power wiring, how...Ch. 40 - Why is shielded wire used for signal runs?Ch. 40 - What is the brute-force method of grounding?Ch. 40 - Explain the operation of the differential...
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