![Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8e](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780323358286/9780323358286_largeCoverImage.gif)
To discuss:
The effects of an immune system with attention to various types of immunity.
Concept introduction:
The immunology is a branch of science that deals and studies the immune system of the body. The immune system helps to protect against invading pathogens as well as to eliminate whatever that are regarded as foreign to the body.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Explanation of Solution
The immune system of the body is separated into non-specific and specific immunity. The non-specific are further divided into first-line defense and second line defense. The specific immunity is considered to be the third line of defense.
The first line of defense: the first line of defense is also called as innate immunity, otherwise called as acquired by birth. The first line of defense is skin, gastrointestinal tract, cilia, sweat, oily layer under the skin, and mucosa. They are also called as physical barriers and they non-specifically stop invading pathogens.
The second line of defense: the second line of defense in particular than the innate immunity since the second line of defense is compromised by cells to destroy the pathogens. They eliminate the pathogens that crossed the physical barriers or pathogens in the bloodstream. The second line of defense is macrophages, natural killer cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils.
The third line of defense: these are more sophisticated cells that effectively seek and eliminate the microbes. These cells possess memory that effectively and quickly kills the pathogens if they encountered it before. They also produce antibodies to neutralize the virus, moreover they also eliminated the infected host cell. The third line of defense has T-cells and B-cells.
The second and third line of defense mechanisms acts together in effective elimination of pathogens.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 40 Solutions
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8e
- Why does a dietitian manager need to know about food labeling that shows prep date and use by date for foods and how it can impact their performance in a facilityarrow_forwardWhy does a dietitian manager need to know about dysphagia diets when operating a kitchen and how it can impact their performancearrow_forwardYou are ordering the chlorpromazine 50mg tablets to last the ward for a month. each cost £19.95 the ward needs 395 boxes. you have £6000 left in the ward budget for the rest of the supplies you need. 1) work out an estimate amount of money you have left. 2) is your answer to (1) an underestimated or overestimated? give a reason for your answerarrow_forward
- Nutrition CKD guidelines recommendations (put in table please)arrow_forwardAccording to the sociocultural perspective, what is the focus of early communication for infants younger than 12 months? A) Sound B) Context C) Content D) Survivalarrow_forwardA patient is admitted to the medical floor in a health care facility. She is confused and won’t stay in her bed. The patient is placed in a room at the end of the hall away from the nurses station and she is not easily seen by staff. The patient continues to get out of bed without using her call light and eventually falls, resulting in an injury. Identify the risk management issue presented. Recommend how you would resolve the issue. Identify key points in your decision-making process that led you to your resolution. Explain how you would use at least 2 risk management tools to analyze, solve, or monitor the issue. Explain how you would work with the quality manager to address the issue. Describe challenges you foresee with the proposed resolutions.arrow_forward
- Study guide for mineral and bone disorder CKDarrow_forwardHow will empowering kidney patients and living donors through peer mentoring help a future dietitian in a clinical setting? Paragraphs, not bullet points pleasearrow_forwardHow will learning about the impact of dietary fiber intake on individuals with CKD help a future dietitian in a clinical setting?arrow_forward
- Phlebotomy EssentialsNursingISBN:9781451194524Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)Publisher:JONES+BARTLETT PUBLISHERS, INC.Gould's Pathophysiology for the Health Profession...NursingISBN:9780323414425Author:Robert J Hubert BSPublisher:SaundersFundamentals Of NursingNursingISBN:9781496362179Author:Taylor, Carol (carol R.), LYNN, Pamela (pamela Barbara), Bartlett, Jennifer L.Publisher:Wolters Kluwer,
- Fundamentals of Nursing, 9eNursingISBN:9780323327404Author:Patricia A. Potter RN MSN PhD FAAN, Anne Griffin Perry RN EdD FAAN, Patricia Stockert RN BSN MS PhD, Amy Hall RN BSN MS PhD CNEPublisher:Elsevier ScienceStudy Guide for Gould's Pathophysiology for the H...NursingISBN:9780323414142Author:Hubert BS, Robert J; VanMeter PhD, Karin C.Publisher:SaundersIssues and Ethics in the Helping Professions (Min...NursingISBN:9781337406291Author:Gerald Corey, Marianne Schneider Corey, Cindy CoreyPublisher:Cengage Learning
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781451194524/9781451194524_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780323414425/9780323414425_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781496362179/9781496362179_smallCoverImage.jpg)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780323327404/9780323327404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780323414142/9780323414142_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781337406291/9781337406291_smallCoverImage.gif)