Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780133922851
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 40, Problem 12TYU
WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER In a short essay (about 100-150 words) focusing on energy transfer and transformation, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of hibernation.
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The science that is involve in the study of energy transformation in the living system is called biological_________________. There are two important energy principle that governs energy transfer in the living system. First is the law of ________________ of energy, which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can only be transformed into another form of energy. Meanwhile, the second law thermodynamics also known as the law of _________________, states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time, and is constant if and only if all processes are reversible.
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Background information: A static respirometer can be used to measure metabolic rates of small aquatic organisms such as fish and crayfish. The animal is weighed and placed in the chamber. The chamber is then filled completely with water and sealed, and the dissolved oxygen level in the water is measured for 30 – 60 minutes. The animal is then removed and the respirometer is rinsed before being filled with clean water for the next trial. Metabolic rates can be calculated knowing the oxygen consumption rate, the volume of the chamber, and the weight of the animal. The picture shows a typical static respirometer. The probes on the lid measure dissolved oxygen and temperature and are linked to a computer for data collection.
When using a static respirometer, the usual procedure calls for filling the chamber completely with water and making sure there is no air left at the top of the chamber when it is sealed. Why is this important, i.e., how would trapped air influence the metabolic…
Chapter 40 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
Ch. 40.1 - What properties do all types of epithelia share?Ch. 40.1 - VISUAL SKILLS Consider the idealized animal in...Ch. 40.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you are standing at the edge of...Ch. 40.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How does negative feedback in...Ch. 40.2 - If you were deciding where to put the thermostat...Ch. 40.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 40.3 - Flowers differ in how much sunlight they absorb....Ch. 40.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40.4 - If a mouse and a small lizard of the same mass...
Ch. 40.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 40.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40 - Prob. 40.1CRCh. 40 - Is it accurate to define homeostasis as a constant...Ch. 40 - Given that humans thermoregulate, explain why your...Ch. 40 - Why do small animals breathe more rapidly than...Ch. 40 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The body...Ch. 40 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 40 - Consider the energy budgets for a human, an...Ch. 40 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 40 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION In 1847, the German biologist...Ch. 40 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Eastern tent caterpillars...Ch. 40 - SCIENCE. TECHNOLOGY. AND SOCIETY Medical...Ch. 40 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER In a short...Ch. 40 - 13. SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE These macaques...
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- Background information: A static respirometer can be used to measure metabolic rates of small aquatic organisms such as fish and crayfish. The animal is weighed and placed in the chamber. The chamber is then filled completely with water and sealed, and the dissolved oxygen level in the water is measured for 30 – 60 minutes. The animal is then removed and the respirometer is rinsed before being filled with clean water for the next trial. Metabolic rates can be calculated knowing the oxygen consumption rate, the volume of the chamber, and the weight of the animal. The picture shows a typical static respirometer. The probes on the lid measure dissolved oxygen and temperature and are linked to a computer for data collection.Question -It is common to stop feeding animals for 12 – 24 hours before they are used in metabolic rate trials. Why is this done?arrow_forwardFlow and energy exchange within a living system is known as?arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forward
- Fill in the blanks using the words provided, each word will only be used onceCellular respiration, energy, ATP, Glucose, Oxygen, Chemical, stored, heat. Directions: Complete the paragraph below to explain why your body gets warm during a workout. Using the words above When you workout, your cells need ____ for muscle contraction. In order to get this, your body will carry out a process called ____. During this process, _____ (from food) is broken down in the presence of _____ to make the usable form of energy for cells, called ______. This process converts ______ energy from the bonds of food molecules into energy that is _____ (potential energy) in ATP molecules. The process also releases _____ (thermal) energy, which is why you feel warm. Your body carries out this amazing process to fuel your workouts!arrow_forwardYou are designing an experiment to determine if you can make desert kangaroo rats active at noon. At noon the ground and air are warmer than the internal temperature of the rats. You decide to provide the kangaroo rats with enough water to ensure they can maintain body temperature homeostasis. Based on a simplified model, you determine that at noon, kangaroo rats: - Gain 8 watts of heat from radiation and 1 watt of heat from metabolism - Lose 1 watt of heat by re-radiation - Gain 6 watts of heat from the surrounding desert ground and air via conduction and convection The kangaroo rat is not in energy balance. Since kangaroo rats lose 1 watt through latent heat (i.e. evaporative cooling) with each 2 ml of water consumed, how much water would you need to provide the kangaroo rat so that it can reach homeostasis? 4 8. 12 24 28 O 32arrow_forwardActivity 18.3: Directions: In the table below, fill in your definition and a real- life example. Your Definition Real-Life Example CONDUCTION CONVECTION RADIATION EVAPORATIONarrow_forward
- Write a summary or short note or conclusion about: Antioxidants are key molecules in slowing down cellular aging. Please explain at your own wordsarrow_forwardHelparrow_forwardStudy the diagram above. (You might also want to do a little research.) Write (this is an essay style assignment) a WELL THOUGHT OUT response comparing and contrasting the energy conversion (combustion) process that occurs in an automobile with the energy conversion process (cellular respiration) that takes place in your cells. Please make sure that you are using your own words, and not copying and pasting words from other sources. PROVIDE YOUR RESOURCES for any borrowed information. Your writing MUST include the following thought process: How can the two processes (combustion and cellular respiration) end up with the same products, but start out with different reactants?arrow_forward
- Activity 2Objective: Describe what happens to substances that undergo a chemical change. Materials: used paper match used styrofoam plate or cups baking powder Vinegar liquid milk pure calamansi juice Procedure: A. Burning a piece of paper You need a piece of paper. Put it over the flame. Compare the color before and after burning. B. Styrofoam and calamansi juice Drop pure calamansi juice into a Styrofoam plate or cups. Then observe what happens to Styrofoam. C. Baking powder and vinegar Put one tablespoon of baking powder in a dry small bottle. Add water and observe what happens. D. Milk and vinegar Put 3 tablespoon of vinegar in a glass bottle then add liquid milk drop by drop. If the liquid milk is not available prepare from powdered milk to water. Then observe what happens. E. Complete the table below. In the observation column, describe the materials before the reaction and the results after the change. Then give the evidences of chemical change in the…arrow_forwardFor questions 10-14; indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, rewrite the statement to make it correct. 10. Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of carbon dioxide. 11. The products of glycolysis are 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvic acid molecules. 12. If you swim aerobically for 30 minutes, your body has probably started to break down stored molecules, such as fats, for energy. 13. The first few seconds of intense exercise use up the cell's stores of fat. 14. During the course of a long race, a person's muscle cells will use both cellular respiration and lactic acid fermentation to produce ATP.arrow_forwardIn which of the following would you expect the greatest increase in metabolic rate resulting from exposure to a heat lamp? Human Mouse Turtle Canaryarrow_forward
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