WebAssign for Seeds' The Solar System
WebAssign for Seeds' The Solar System
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780357724729
Author: Seeds
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 4, Problem 9P

Galileo’s telescope showed him that Venus has a large angular diameter (61 arc seconds) when it is a crescent and a small angular diameter (10 arc seconds) when it is nearly full. Use the small-angle formula to find the ratio of its maximum to minimum distance from Earth. Is this ratio compatible with the Ptolemaic universe shown in Figure 3b of the Chapter 4 Concept Art: An Ancient Model of the Universe?

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A planet's speed in orbit is given by     V = (30 km/s)[(2/r)-(1/a)]0.5   where V is the planet's velocity, r is the distance in AU's from the Sun at that instant, and a is the semimajor axis of its orbit.  Calculate the Earth's velocity in its orbit (assume it is circular):        What is the velocity of Mars at a distance of 1.41 AU from the Sun?       What is the spacecraft's velocity when it is 1 AU from the Sun (after launch from the Earth)?       What additional velocity does the launch burn have to give to the spacecraft? (i.e. What is the difference between the Earth's velocity and the velocity the spacecraft needs to have?)        How fast will the spacecraft be traveling when it reaches Mars?       Does the spacecraft need to gain or lose velocity to go into the same orbit as Mars?
Kepler's 1st law says that our Solar System's planets orbit in ellipses around the Sun where the closest distance to the Sun is called perihelion. Suppose I tell you that there is a planet with a perihelion distance of 2 AU and a semi-major axis of 1.5 AU. Does this make physical sense? Explain why or why not.
The table below presents the semi-major axis (a) and Actual orbital period for all of the major planets in the solar system. Cube for each planet the semi-major axis in Astronomical Units. Then take the square root of this number to get the Calculated orbital period of each planet. Fill in the final row of data for each planet.                               Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law: Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law:   Planet              aau = Semi-Major Axis (AU)   Actual Planet      Calculated Planet                                                                         Period (Yr)            Period (Yr) __________   ______________________   ___________    ________________ Mercury                      0.39                                0.24 Venus                         0.72                                0.62 Earth                          1.00                                1.00 Mars                           1.52                                1.88 Jupiter…

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WebAssign for Seeds' The Solar System

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Kepler's Three Laws Explained; Author: PhysicsHigh;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyR6EO_RMKE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY