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Fundamentals of Nursing
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781451185614
Author: Carol Taylor PhD MSN RN, Carol Lillis MSN RN, Pamela Lynn MSN RN
Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS+WILKINS
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Chapter 4, Problem 8PFN
Summary Introduction
To identify: The appropriate developmental task for the older adult family.
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DaVita Dietitian Reference Manual
Module 7- Adequacy of Hemodialysis
CASE STUDIES
Case 1
David was diagnosed with chronic kidney disease a year ago, and now needs
hemodialysis. At his first treatment, the nurse hooks up the bloodlines to an access in
David's chest. He tells her that he had surgery on his arm three months ago so it can
be used for dialysis eventually.
1. What type of access does David have for the initial treatment?
2. Is David's arm access most likely a graft or fistula?
3. What possible reasons prevent use of a fistula or graft for the first dialysis
treatment?
Case 2
Ramon, a hemodialysis patient for six years, has lost 1.5 kg over the past six weeks.
He denies nausea or vomiting, but does admit to eating less at meals and skipping
dinner some days. Current dialysis prescription is: 3 1/2 hours (210 minutes), 3 times
a week, ASAHI 1050S, APS dialyzer, dialysis flow rate 800 ml/min, blood flow rate 400
ml/min. Monthly bloodwork is as follows:
Date
K
PO4
Pre-BUN…
DaVita Dietitian Reference Manual
Module 7 - Adequacy of Hemodialysis
REVIEW QUESTIONS
True
False
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Urea Reduction Ratio is a more accurate measurement
of dialysis adequacy than Urea Kinetic Modeling.
A fistula is the preferred type of vascular access.
In the formula Kt/V, the V represents volume of total
body water in which urea is distributed.
In the formula Kt/V, time is measured in 15-minute
increments, so 220 minutes would be rounded off to the
nearest quarter hour.
The DaVita minimum goal for adequacy is a spKt/V≥
1.0.
A measured height and accurate dry weight are required
to obtain an accurate Kt/V result.
A very low post BUN result usually means the patient is
not eating enough protein.
KRU is a measure of residual urea clearance by the
patient's kidney, requiring a 24-hour urine collection.
The Kt/V Delivered (single pool) is the value used for
determining adequacy and comparing outcomes in
DaVita facilities.
Catheters are…
DaVita Dietitian Reference Manual
Module 7 - Adequacy of Hemodialysis
Case 3
Beverly's monthly adequacy of dialysis results came back lower than usual. Her Kt/V is
1.13. Flow sheet data reveals the following:
Prescribed BFR 400, patient ran BFR 325 during treatment
Blood pressure dropped to 72/58 during treatment, so UFR was turned off.
Dry weight 65 kg, pre dialysis weight 69 kg, post dialysis weight 66.5 kg
1. What are DaVita's goals for Kt/V?
2. What is your impression of why the Kt/V is low?
3. What additional information would help in determining why Beverly's
adequacy results were below goal?
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- DaVita Dietitian Reference Manual Module 7-Adequacy of Hemodialysis DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Define the following abbreviations: • UKM • URR . . • Kt/V What are the minimum DaVita outcome goals for Kt/V and URR? How is the DaVita Quality Index calculated for Kt/V? Discuss effect of adequacy on: ⚫ Phosphorus . ⚫ Potassium • Hemoglobin • Appetite, intake and weight ⚫ Albumin . How is residual renal function measured? What term is used for residual clearance of urea? What are advantages and disadvantages of each dialysis access? Which dialyzes the least efficiently and why?arrow_forwardNutrition monitoring and evaluating ptarrow_forwardIs a blood pressure of 117/71 considered normal in an 11 month old male?arrow_forward
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