Health Economics
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781137029966
Author: Jay Bhattacharya
Publisher: SPRINGER NATURE CUSTOMER SERVICE
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Chapter 4, Problem 6E
To determine
Determine whether the given statement is true or false.
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3. Consider the following three (fictional) data points:Country Ultima Thule Narnia NeverlandGDP per capita (US $, 2021, in thousands) 10 30 20Deaths from COVID-19 as of Jan. 2023, millions 0.24 0.16 0.05(a) What is the slope of the line of best fit through these three points, whereDeaths from COVID-19 is the dependent variable and GDP per capita is theexplanatory variable? (b) The standard error for the slope parameter is 0.009. What does this standarderror measure? (c) Is the slope parameter statistically significant at the 5% level of significance?(The relevant critical value is not the usual value, but 4.303, due to the tinysample size). Explain what this means. (d) Why might this slope parameter be a misleading indicator of the relationshipbetween these two variables?
Consider the following estimated regression equation, where both Rent and Earnings aremeasured in pounds (£) at the individual level (standard errors in parentheses):log(\Rent) = 6.9(0.69)+ 0.9(0.3)log(Earnings),(a) Interpret the coefficient on log(Earnings). (b) If we divided Earnings by 1000, so that it is measured in 1000s of pounds instead of pounds,how would (i) the slope, (ii) the intercept change in the above equation? Now suppose the variable London is added, which is equal to one if an individual iives inLondon, and zero otherwise. The estimated regression equation changes to:log(\Rent) = 6.22(0.622)+ 0.5(0.05)log(Earnings) + 2(0.5)London,(c) Interpret the coefficient on London. (d) Explain why the coefficient on log(Earnings) when London is included in the regression andthe coefficient on log(Earnings) when London is not included in the regression are not thesame.
3. Consider the following regression equation, where Cigs is daily spending on cigarettes in poundssterling (£), Y earsEduc is years of education, and F emale equals one if an individual is femaleand zero otherwise (standard errors in parentheses):Cigs [ = 4(1.6)− 0.08(0.032)Y earsEduc − 0.5(0.2)F emale,(a) Interpret the coefficients on Y earsEduc and F emale. (b) What does the model predict the average daily spending on cigarettes would be for womenwith 12 years of education? (c) Form the 95% confidence interval for the coefficient on F emale. (d) Economists are often interested in estimating production functions of the Cobb-Douglas form(Yiis the ith firm’s output, Liits spending on labour, and Kiits spending on capital):Yi = ALαi Kβi,How might someone estimate α and β from this equation using linear regression?
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