Chapter 4, Problem 51UTC

The chapter sections to review are shown in parentheses at the end of each problem.
According to Dalton’s atomic theory, which of the following are true or false? If false, correct the statement lo make ¡t true. (4.3)
a. Atoms of an element are identical to atoms of other elements.
b. Every element is made of atoms.
c. Atoms of different elements combine to form compounds.
d. In a chemical reaction, some atoms disappear and new atoms appear.

Interpretation Introduction

To determine:

Whether the given statements are true or false, according to the Dalton’s atomic theory.

Answer to Problem 51UTC

Solution:

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False

Given:

Atoms of an element are identical to atoms of other elements.

Every element is made of atoms.

Atoms of different elements combine to form compound.

In a chemical reaction, some atoms disappear and new atoms appear

Explanation of Solution

1. Dalton theory says that atoms of same element are identical in all respects, that is, size, shape and mass. So, the statement is inconsistent with Dalton theory.
2. According to Dalton theory, all the matters are made up of atoms (which are indivisible). So, the statement is true.
3. A compound is form by combination of atoms of different elements. So, the statement is consistent with Dalton theory
4. According to Dalton theory, in a chemical reaction, combination, separation and rearrangement of atoms occur. So, the statement is inconsistent with Dalton theory.

Conclusion

Hence, all parts have been described.

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False