Chapter 4, Problem 4.10P

Complete a net ionic equation for each proton-transfer reaction using curved arrows to show the flow of electron pairs in each reaction. In addition, write Lewis structures for all starting materials and products. Label the original acid and its conjugate base; label the original base and its conjugate acid. If you are uncertain about which substance in each equation is the proton donor, refer to Table 4.1 for the relative strengths of proton acids.

1. (a) ${\text{NH}}_3+\text{HCl}\rightleftharpoons$
2. (b) ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{O}}^{-}+\text{HCl}\rightleftharpoons$
3. (c) ${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}+{\text{OH}}^{-}\rightleftharpoons$
4. (d) ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{COO}}^{-}+{\text{NH}}_4^{+}\rightleftharpoons$