Chapter 4, Problem 3TYK

Match the following with the correct nucleic acid. (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, or All RNA) 1. This molecule is complementary to DNA.  2. This molecule is part of translation. 3. This molecule is part of the ribosome. 4. This molecule contains anticodons.  5. This molecule is esponsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome.  6. DNA is used as a template to create this type of RNA molecule. 7. This molecule is part of transcription. 8. This molecule contains codons.

Determine what amino acid will be formed from the given DNA strand below:                          3’   T   A C   A   T   G   C   C   G   A   A   T    5’ Note: Prepare the partner strand of this DNA.  Discuss how will replication happen by mentioning the enzyme needed then transcribe to form mRNA.  Discuss what will happen to mRNA, then translate, mentioning the anticodon to be used. Look at the genetic code to know what amino acid will become part of the polypeptide chain. 1.  Partner DNA strand 2.  the mRNA strand 3.  the tRNA  4.  the formed amino acids

Which of the following does NOT describe DNA as it occurs in Eukaryotic cells. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY: 1. nitrogenous bases of opposite strands are paired through covalent bonds 2. base pairs are stacked 3.4 A (0.34 nm) apart 3. the two strands of one double helix are complementary 4. two long polynucleotide chains 5. there are 20 base pairs per each turn of a double helix 6. adenine pairs with thymine of the neighboring nucleotide in a single DNA strand 7. bases face outside of the double helix 8. consecutive nucleotides of a single DNA strand are linked by hydrogen bonds 9. here are A-T and G-C pairs in DNA double helix 10. sugar-phosphate backbone of a single DNA strand is formed by linking deoxyribose units and phosphate groups through phosphodiester bonds 11. the two strands of one helix are antiparallel 12.double helix 13. the larger major groove alternates with the smaller minor groove along the length of the double stranded DNA I tried 2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13 together and got it…

Hydrolysis of the N-glycosyl bond between deoxyribose and a purine base in DNA creates an apurinic (AP) site. An AP site is more thermodynamically destabilizing to a DNA molecule than is a mismatched base pair. Examine the structure of an AP site. H₂N HN N O™ -O-P-O-CH₂ Guanine H₂N N HN Select the chemical consequences that could contribute to DNA instability at AP sites. H H 1₂0/ H fewer hydrogen bonds between the unpaired pyrimidine base and water disruption of the base-stacking interactions decreased interaction between the mutated DNA strand and histones increased ability of the deoxyribose ring to open without the attachment of the purine base H H Guanosine residue (in DNA) O™ -O-P-O-CH₂ O H H H O Apurinic residue H OH H

Choose the CORRECT components of a nucleoside. a pentose sugar bonded with a hexose sugar a base bonded to a sugar and one or more phosphoryl groups a sugar bonded to a lipid molecule a base bonded to a sugar a base bonded to a sugar and an alcohol residue

Which of the following combinations is nucleotide molecule?   The nitrogenous base uracil bonded to ribose and phosphate complemented with the addition of a water molecule   A nucleoside resulting from the dehydration reaction between two phosphates, glycerol, and an unsaturated fatty acid.   The DNA backbone consisting of three phosphate groups, a 5-carbon nitrogenous base, and a nitrogen-containing sugar residue   An ATP molecule is formed by combining adenine, ribose, and three inorganic phosphate groups

Select the phrases that accurately describe properties of the most common form of the DNA double helix. DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and thymine and equal amounts of cytosine and guanine. The nitrogenous bases are exposed to the solvent, whereas the sugar-phosphate backbone of each nucleotide strand is in the interior of the double helix. The phosphodiester bonds between nucleotide residues run in opposite directions in the two strands. Base pairs have a spacing of 3.4 Å. A helical turn consists of about 3.4 base pairs.

DNA has unique properties that allow it to accurately retain genetic information, even after multiple rounds of replication. One aspect of DNA that allows it to accurately store genetic information is the base pairing from Chargaff's first rule of the four nucleotide bases. If the A content of a DNA molecule is 18%, what are the percentages of the remaining bases? T = G = C = % % %

Consider the structure and function of DNA. Which of the following statements is TRUE? Because DNA contains carbohydrates, it provides structural support to the cells. The phosphodiester bonds that stabilize the association of the two strands are easily broken and reformed. If the sequence of one DNA strand is known, then the sequence of the other strand can be determined. Because DNA is made of phosphate groups that are ionized, it could easily pass through a cell membrane.