Essential Statistics
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259570643
Author: Navidi
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4, Problem 2WAI
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The following are suggested designs for group sequential studies. Using PROCSEQDESIGN, provide the following for the design O’Brien Fleming and Pocock.• The critical boundary values for each analysis of the data• The expected sample sizes at each interim analysisAssume the standardized Z score method for calculating boundaries.Investigators are evaluating the success rate of a novel drug for treating a certain type ofbacterial wound infection. Since no existing treatment exists, they have planned a one-armstudy. They wish to test whether the success rate of the drug is better than 50%, whichthey have defined as the null success rate. Preliminary testing has estimated the successrate of the drug at 55%. The investigators are eager to get the drug into production andwould like to plan for 9 interim analyses (10 analyzes in total) of the data. Assume thesignificance level is 5% and power is 90%.Besides, draw a combined boundary plot (OBF, POC, and HP)
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GISS
Worksheet 10
Jesse runs a small business selling and delivering mealie meal to the spaza shops.
He charges a fixed rate of R80, 00 for delivery and then R15, 50 for each packet of
mealle meal he delivers. The table below helps him to calculate what to charge
his customers.
10
20
30
40
50
Packets of mealie
meal (m)
Total costs in Rands
80
235
390
545
700
855
(c)
10.1.
Define the following terms:
10.1.1. Independent Variables
10.1.2. Dependent Variables
10.2.
10.3.
10.4.
10.5.
Determine the independent and dependent variables.
Are the variables in this scenario discrete or continuous values? Explain
What shape do you expect the graph to be? Why?
Draw a graph on the graph provided to represent the information in the
table above.
TOTAL COST OF PACKETS OF MEALIE MEAL
900
800
700
600
COST (R)
500
400
300
200
100
0
10
20
30
40
60
NUMBER OF PACKETS OF MEALIE MEAL
Chapter 4 Solutions
Essential Statistics
Ch. 4.1 - 1. In Example 4.4, what is the probability that...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.1 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 4.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 4.1 - In Exercises 5–8, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 7ECh. 4.1 - In Exercises 5–8, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 9ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 21ECh. 4.1 - In Exercises 21–24, assume that a coin is tossed...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 4.1 - In Exercises 21–24, assume that a coin is tossed...Ch. 4.1 - How probable is it? Someone computes the...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 27ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 29ECh. 4.1 - 30. A coin flip: A fair coin is tossed three...Ch. 4.1 - 31. Empirical Method: A coin is tossed 400 times...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 32ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 33ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 36ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 37ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 38ECh. 4.1 - 39. Get an education: The General Social Survey...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 40ECh. 4.1 - 41. Hospital visits: According to the Agency for...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 42ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 43ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 44ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 45ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 46ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 47ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 48ECh. 4.1 - Prob. 49ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.2 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 4.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 4.2 - In Exercises 5–8, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 4.2 - In Exercises 5–8, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 4.2 - In Exercises 5–8, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 4.2 - 16. If P (A) = 0.7, P (B) = 0.1, and A and B are...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 4.2 - 20. If P(B) = 0.6, find P(Bc).
Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 4.2 - In Exercises 25–30, determine whether events A and...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 4.2 - In Exercises 25–30, determine whether events A and...Ch. 4.2 - In Exercises 25–30, determine whether events A and...Ch. 4.2 - In Exercises 31 and 32, find the complements of...Ch. 4.2 - In Exercises 31 and 32, find the complements of...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 4.2 - 36. Sick computers: Let V be the event that a...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 38ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 4.2 - 40. Statistics grades: In a statistics class of 30...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 42ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 44ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 45ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 4.2 - 47. Mutual exclusivity is not transitive: Give an...Ch. 4.2 - 48. Complements: Let A and B be events. Express (A...Ch. 4.3 - 1. A person is selected at random from the...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.3 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 4.3 - Prob. 5CYUCh. 4.3 - Prob. 6CYUCh. 4.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 4.3 - In Exercises 7–10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 4.3 - In Exercises 7–10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 4.3 - In Exercises 11–14, determine whether the...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 4.3 - 18. Let A and B be events with P(A) = 0.5 and P(B)...Ch. 4.3 - 19. Let A and B be events with P (A) = 0.8, P(B) =...Ch. 4.3 - 20. Let A and B be events with P(A) = 0.3, P(B) =...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 4.3 - In Exercises 27–30, assume that a student is...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 4.3 - 32. Let A and B be events with P(A) = 0.6, P(B) =...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 4.3 - Job interview: Seven people, named Anna, Bob,...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 4.3 - 40. U.S. senators: The following table displays...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 42ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 47ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 49ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 50ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 51ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 52ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 53ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 54ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 55ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 56ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 57ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 58ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 59ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 60ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 61ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 62ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 63ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 64ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 65ECh. 4.4 - When ordering a certain type of computer, there...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.4 - Refer to Exercise 3. Two of the committee members...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 5CYUCh. 4.4 - Refer to Exercise 5. Four of the eight students...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 4.4 - In Exercises 7 and 8, fill in the blank with the...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 4.4 - In Exercises 9 and 10, determine whether the...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 4.4 - In Exercises 11–16, evaluate the factorial. 12. 5!Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 4.4 - In Exercises 11–16, evaluate the factorial. 16. 3!Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 4.4 - In Exercises 23–28, evaluate the combination. 24....Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 4.4 - In Exercises 23–28, evaluate the combination. 26....Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 4.4 - In Exercises 23–28, evaluate the combination. 28....Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 4.4 - Books: Josephine has six chemistry books, three...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 4.4 - 32. Ice cream: A certain ice cream parlor offers...Ch. 4.4 - License plates: In a certain state, license plates...Ch. 4.4 - Committee: The Student Council at a certain school...Ch. 4.4 - Day and night shifts: A company has hired 12 new...Ch. 4.4 - Keep your password safe: A computer password...Ch. 4.4 - It’s in your genes: Human genetic material (DNA)...Ch. 4.4 - Choosing officers: A committee consists of ten...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 4.4 - Blackjack: In single-deck casino blackjack, the...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 4 - Fill in the blank: The probability that a fair...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2CQCh. 4 - Prob. 3CQCh. 4 - Prob. 4CQCh. 4 - Prob. 5CQCh. 4 - Prob. 6CQCh. 4 - Prob. 7CQCh. 4 - Prob. 8CQCh. 4 - Prob. 9CQCh. 4 - Prob. 10CQCh. 4 - Prob. 11CQCh. 4 - Prob. 12CQCh. 4 - Prob. 13CQCh. 4 - Prob. 14CQCh. 4 - Prob. 15CQCh. 4 - Prob. 1RECh. 4 - Prob. 2RECh. 4 - Prob. 3RECh. 4 - Blood types: Human blood may contain either or...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5RECh. 4 - Stop that car: A drag racer has two parachutes, a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7RECh. 4 - Music to my ears: Jeri is listening to the songs...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9RECh. 4 - Prob. 10RECh. 4 - Rainy weekend: Sally is planning to go away for...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12RECh. 4 - Required courses: Refer to Exercise 12. Assume the...Ch. 4 - Bookshelf: Bart has six books: a novel, a...Ch. 4 - Bookshelf: Refer to Exercise 14. Bart chooses...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1WAICh. 4 - Prob. 2WAICh. 4 - Prob. 3WAICh. 4 - Prob. 4WAICh. 4 - Prob. 5WAICh. 4 - Prob. 6WAICh. 4 - Describe circumstances under which you would use a...Ch. 4 - Describe circumstances under which you would use a...Ch. 4 - The following table is a life table, reproduced...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2CSCh. 4 - Prob. 3CSCh. 4 - Prob. 4CSCh. 4 - Prob. 5CSCh. 4 - Prob. 6CSCh. 4 - Prob. 7CSCh. 4 - Prob. 8CSCh. 4 - Prob. 9CS
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- Let X be a random variable with support SX = {−3, 0.5, 3, −2.5, 3.5}. Part ofits probability mass function (PMF) is given bypX(−3) = 0.15, pX(−2.5) = 0.3, pX(3) = 0.2, pX(3.5) = 0.15.(a) Find pX(0.5).(b) Find the cumulative distribution function (CDF), FX(x), of X.1(c) Sketch the graph of FX(x).arrow_forwardA well-known company predominantly makes flat pack furniture for students. Variability with the automated machinery means the wood components are cut with a standard deviation in length of 0.45 mm. After they are cut the components are measured. If their length is more than 1.2 mm from the required length, the components are rejected. a) Calculate the percentage of components that get rejected. b) In a manufacturing run of 1000 units, how many are expected to be rejected? c) The company wishes to install more accurate equipment in order to reduce the rejection rate by one-half, using the same ±1.2mm rejection criterion. Calculate the maximum acceptable standard deviation of the new process.arrow_forward5. Let X and Y be independent random variables and let the superscripts denote symmetrization (recall Sect. 3.6). Show that (X + Y) X+ys.arrow_forward
- 8. Suppose that the moments of the random variable X are constant, that is, suppose that EX" =c for all n ≥ 1, for some constant c. Find the distribution of X.arrow_forward9. The concentration function of a random variable X is defined as Qx(h) = sup P(x ≤ X ≤x+h), h>0. Show that, if X and Y are independent random variables, then Qx+y (h) min{Qx(h). Qr (h)).arrow_forward10. Prove that, if (t)=1+0(12) as asf->> O is a characteristic function, then p = 1.arrow_forward
- 9. The concentration function of a random variable X is defined as Qx(h) sup P(x ≤x≤x+h), h>0. (b) Is it true that Qx(ah) =aQx (h)?arrow_forward3. Let X1, X2,..., X, be independent, Exp(1)-distributed random variables, and set V₁₁ = max Xk and W₁ = X₁+x+x+ Isk≤narrow_forward7. Consider the function (t)=(1+|t|)e, ER. (a) Prove that is a characteristic function. (b) Prove that the corresponding distribution is absolutely continuous. (c) Prove, departing from itself, that the distribution has finite mean and variance. (d) Prove, without computation, that the mean equals 0. (e) Compute the density.arrow_forward
- 1. Show, by using characteristic, or moment generating functions, that if fx(x) = ½ex, -∞0 < x < ∞, then XY₁ - Y2, where Y₁ and Y2 are independent, exponentially distributed random variables.arrow_forward1. Show, by using characteristic, or moment generating functions, that if 1 fx(x): x) = ½exarrow_forward1990) 02-02 50% mesob berceus +7 What's the probability of getting more than 1 head on 10 flips of a fair coin?arrow_forward
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