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State the difference between the point, line, and area sources of pollutants. Provide example for each of them and also name the act which addresses each of them.
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Explanation of Solution
When the pollutant enter the water through a pipe or a stream at a certain point where the pollutant’s concentration is maximum, then it said to be point source of pollutants. For example, the pollutants produced in industrial activity like oil and gas extraction, mining, and manufacturing.
When the pollutants spreads out over a linear distance, then it said to be linear source of pollutants. For example, aircraft air emission, roadway air pollution.
When the pollutants spreads out over a two dimensional area, then it said to be linear source of pollutants. For example, application of pesticide over a agricultural field.
The clean water act (CWA) 1972 addresses point, line, and area sources of pollutants.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK INTRODUCTION TO SUSTAINABLE CIVIL E
- In the connection shown in the figure below, the bolts are 15/8-inch in diameter, and A36 steel is used for all components: Fy = 36 ksi, Fu = 58 ksi. 21/2" 11½½" 3". -3"- 料 11/2" 11/2" О О t = 3/8 31/2" О О t = 7/16 Consider both the tension member and the gusset plate and compute the following: a. the design block shear strength of the connection (Express your answer to three significant figures.) Rn = kips b. the allowable block shear strength of the connection (Express your answer to three significant figures.) Rn/= kipsarrow_forward13/2/2025 Concrete Technology Q/ 1:1.5:3/0.62 concrete mix by weight, is to be used in cold weather, cement content = 5 Sack/m³ concreting when the temperature is assumed to be (32 °F), Calculate the temperature of the heated mixing water (in ˚C) to meet specification requirements in similar conditions.arrow_forwardThe tension member shown in the figure below must resist a service dead load of 60 kips and a service live load of 45 kips. Does the member have enough strength? The steel is A588: Fy = 50 ksi, Fu = 70 ksi; and the bolts are 11/8 inches in diameter. Assume that Ae = An. О О PL 3/8 X 71/2 a. Use LRFD. Determine the design strength and the factored load. Make a conclusion about the member. (Express your answers to three significant figures.) Φι Ρη = kips kips Pu = -Select- b. Use ASD. Determine the allowable strength and required strength. Make a conclusion about the member. (Express your answers to three significant figures.) Ft Ae = Pa = -Select- kips kipsarrow_forward
- Draw neatly top side frontarrow_forwardDetermine the required vertical and horizontal resisting forces and line of actions, as well as the resisting moment at the support of the 12 m wide gate in the diagram. (25 Points) (Answers: 2486 , 1076 , 6414 .x yF kN F kN M kN m= = = )arrow_forward2. Determine the centroid and moment of inertia, lxx. a) 2in x 4in 1in x 4in b) 1/2in plywood metal plate 3/4in x 10in c-channel 10in x 25in Ixi = 92.14in1 Aix = 7.35in² 24inarrow_forward
- Please provide a handwritten solution to the questionarrow_forwardWould impulse be zero since the particles have no external forces acting during the moment of contact? Please solve the entire problem.arrow_forwardBy using the yield line theory, determine the ultimate resisting moment per linear meter (m) for an isotropic reinforced concrete two-way simply supported triangle slab shown in figure under a uniform load (q). Solve by using equilibrium method m marrow_forward
- The tension in cable BA is 10 kN. The questions will lead you toward determining the moment of the force acting from B to A about the x-axis. Hints: Pay attention to the orientation of the XYZ coordinate axes. 1000 mm A (400, 300, 0) mm 600 mm xarrow_forwardThe beam shown in the figure below is typical for a floor system in an existing building.It needs to carry a uniform live load of 260 lb/ft and a uniform dead weight of 400 lb/ft,including its own weight. The owner wants to add a partition weighing 7 kip (live load) asshown. Assuming the added partition as live load, is the beam section adequate to safelycarry the extra live load?PartitionStirrups15 ft 3 in.14 in.a. Determine the d e s i g n m o m e n t c a p a c i t y .b. D e t e r m i n e t h e f a c t o r e d a p p l i e d b e n d i n g m o m e n t .c. Is the beam safe and adequate for bending? Please explain your response.arrow_forward4. Use the influence function method to draw the influence line for the shear just to the right of A. Assume C is fixed, A is a roller, and B is a pin. 8 ft A 16 ft B 10 ft-arrow_forward
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