Introduction
In this case, the answer is option (B) in which there are six major emotional expressions that seem to be universal, which include anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise.
Explanation of Solution
Correct answer and explanation
Darwin's research on facial expressions has had a significant impact on numerous fields. He believed that the primary emotions expressed through one's face are universal, and subsequent cross-cultural research conducted assessing the universality of emotional expressions has confirmed that Darwin was right. There are six major emotional expressions that seem to be universal, which include anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. All humans express these emotions in the same way and interpret them with similar accuracy. Nonverbal communication is species specific, not culture bound.
Explanations for incorrect options
Option (A) refers to facial expressions not being universal because they have different cultural meanings. However, cross-cultural research conducted on facial expressions has shown that emotional expressions are indeed universal and interpreted with comparable accuracy. So, option (a) is incorrect.
Option (C) refers to there being nine major emotional expressions. However, research conducted on the universality of emotions has uncovered that there are six major emotional expressions that are not culture bound and are in fact universal across different cultures. So, option (c) is incorrect.
Option (D) refers to the South Fore tribe using different facial expressions to express the same emotion when compared to westerners. However, not only did the Fore tribe use the same facial expressions to express the same emotions, when showed photos of American subjects expressing the six major emotions, they could match their facial expressions of emotion to stories. So, option (d) is incorrect.
Therefore, the options (A), (C), and (D) are incorrect.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Social Psychology, 10th Edition
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