Chapter 4, Problem 1R

DRAW IT Diagram each of the following flagellar arrangements:

a. lophotrichous

b. monotrichous

c. peritrichous

d. polar

e. amphitrichous

Summary Introduction

To review:

The bacteria flagella arrangements.

Introduction:

Flagella are present both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and they facilitate cell motility. It is a whip-like, hollow, cylindrical structure that contains the protein called flagellin. The arrangement of flagella is different in different species. It consists of three different parts, namely filament, hook, and basal body. Flagella eukaryotes derive energy from ATP, whereas flagella in prokaryotes derive energy from proton motive force.

Explanation of Solution

Pictorial representation:

Based on the flagella arrangements, the organisms are classified into different types.

• Lophotrichous: Two or more flagella at one end of the cell.
• Monotrichous: Single flagellum present at one end of the cell.
• Peritrichous: More number of flagella present on the entire surface of the cell.
• Polar: Flagella are present at each pole of the bacterial cell.
• Amphitrichous: A bunch of flagella present at both ends of the bacterial cell.

Conclusion

The flagella present on the cells are useful for locomotion and attachment. It contains filamentous protein which helps to propel a cell through liquid. The flagella also act as sensory organelle and aid in detecting changes in the temperature and pH.