a.
Determine if the given situation amounts to tax avoidance or tax evasion.
a.
Explanation of Solution
Tax Avoidance Vs Tax Evasion: Tax avoidance refers to legalized means of reducing the tax liabilities by the taxpayers through tax planning, on the other hand, illegal means to avoid tax is known as tax evasion which is considered as offence and punishable under law.
In this case, since Mr. L is engaged in concealing his real income and understating it deliberately to avoid tax liability, this would be considered as tax evasion.
b.
Determine if the given situation amounts to tax avoidance or tax evasion.
b.
Explanation of Solution
In this case, since Mr. P did not conceal any of his income rather encourages his son who is with lesser marginal tax rate than him, to invest $50,000, Mr. P is said to be engaged in tax avoidance.
c.
Determine if the given situation amounts to tax avoidance or tax evasion.
c.
Explanation of Solution
In this case, since Mr. Q did not reveal truth in reporting his current years’ profit in the previous year just to gain by the lower marginal tax, he is deliberately trying to cheat the authorities by wrong reporting of income and thus, would be considered as tax evasion.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION F/BUS.+INVEST.
- During the year, Brandi had the following transactions: a long-term capital gain from the sale of land, a short-term capital loss from the sale of stock, and a long-term capital gain from the sale of a gun collection. a. How are these transactions treated for income tax purposes? b. Does this treatment favor the taxpayer or the IRS? Explain.arrow_forwardIn each of the following problems, identify the tax issue(s) posed by the facts presented. Determine the possible tax consequences of each issue that you identify. Thans grandmother dies and leaves him jewelry worth 40,000. In addition, he is the beneficiary of a 100,000 life insurance policy that his grandmother had bought before she retired.arrow_forwardVella owns and operates an illegal gambling establishment. In connection with this activity, he has the following expenses during the year: What are Vellas total deductible expenses for tax purposes?arrow_forward
- In each of the following problems, identify the tax issue(s) posed by the facts presented. Determine the possible tax consequences of each issue that you identify. Binh met Anika 10 years ago at a cocktail party. Anika was a wealthy investor with extensive holdings in the oil and gas industry. Binh was a real estate agent earning about 35,000 a year. Several months later, Binh proposed marriage and Anika accepted. Just before the wedding, Anika told Binh that she had a mental hangup about marriage, and Binh agreed to live with her without being married. In return, Anika promised to leave Binh her entire estate. In the ensuing years, they had an intimate, marriage-like relationship, attending social, business, and family functions together. Anika died in 2015. No will was found immediately. A few months after Anikas death, her sister found a one-page paper signed by Anika. The paper left Anikas entire estate to her brothers and sisters and named her sister as executor of the estate. Binh sued Anikas estate and won a judgment of 2 million for services rendered to Anika during their relationship. The estate appealed the decision, which was affirmed as to liability but reversed and remanded for a new trial on the amount of the judgment. Binh and the estate subsequently worked out an agreement in which the estate paid Binh 1.2 million to settle his claim.arrow_forwardSheila, a single taxpayer, is a retired computer executive with a taxable income of 100,000 in the current year. She receives 30,000 per year in tax-exempt municipal bond interest. Adam and Tanya are married and have no children. Adam and Tanyas 100,000 taxable income is comprised solely of wages they earn from their jobs. Calculate and compare the amount of tax Sheila pays with Adam and Tanyas tax. How well does the ability-to-pay concept work in this situation?arrow_forwardMonica, a self-employed taxpayer, travels from her office in Boston to Lisbon, Portugal, on business. Her absence of 13 days was spent as follows: a. For tax purposes, how many days has Monica spent on business? b. What difference does it make? c. Could Monica have spent more time than she did vacationing on the trip without loss of existing tax benefits? Explain.arrow_forward
- Determine whether the taxpayer has income that is subject to taxation in each of the following situations: a. Capital Motor Company is going out of business. As a result, June is able to purchase a car for 12,000; its original sticker price was 25,000. b. Chuck is the sole owner of Ransom, Inc., a corporation. He purchases a machine from Ransom for 10,000. Ransom had paid 50,000 for the machine, which was worth 30,000 at the time of the sale to Chuck. c. Gerry is an elementary school teacher. She receives the Teacher of the Month Award for February. As part of the award, she gets to drive a new car supplied by a local dealer for a month. The rental value of the car is 400 per month. d. Payne has worked for Stewart Company for the last 25 years. On the 25th anniversary of his employment with Stewart, he receives a set of golf clubs worth 1,200 as a reward for his years of loyal service to the company. e. Anna enters a sweepstakes contest that was advertised on the back of a cereal box, and wins 30,000. The prize will be paid out in 30 annual installments of 1,000. She receives her first check this year. f. Terry buys an antique vase at an estate auction for 780. Upon returning home, she accidentally drops the vase and finds that a 100 bill had been taped inside it.arrow_forwardTroy, a cash basis taxpayer, is employed by Eagle Corporation, also a cash basis taxpayer. Tray is a full-time employee of the corporation and receives a salary of 60,000 per year. He also receives a bonus equal to 10% of all collections from diems he serviced during the year. Determine the tax consequences of the following events to the corporation and to Troy: a. On December 31, 2019, Troy was visiting a customer. The customer gave Troy a 10,000 check payable to the corporation for appraisal services Troy performed during 2019. Troy did not deliver the check to the corporation until January 2020. b. The facts are the same as in part (a), except that the corporation is an accrual basis taxpayer and Troy deposited the check on December 31, but the bank did not add the deposit to the corporations account until January 2020. c. The facts are the same as in part (a), except that the customer told Troy to hold the check until January 2020 when the customer could make a bank deposit that would cover the check.arrow_forwardIn each of the following problems, identify the tax issue(s) posed by the facts presented. Determine the possible tax consequences of each issue that you identify. Ariel has worked for Sander Corporation for 30 years. Sander has a pension plan in which it matches employee contributions by up to 5 percent of the employees salary. Ariel, who is single, retires during the current year when she is 66 years old. Her pension plan contains payments and earnings of 300,000, half of which are attributable to payments made by Ariel and half attributable to payments made by Sander. Under the plan, Ariel is to receive 2,000 per month until she dies.arrow_forward
- Indicate whether the following acts can be considered as tax evasion/tax management/ tax planning or otherwise: 1. Sushil is using a motor car for his personal purposes, but charges as businessexpenditure. 2. SQL Ltd. pays advance tax by estimating his total income in previous year to ensure timely compliance.arrow_forwardI am stuck on a few questions this one is: This year Lloyd, a single taxpayer, estimates that his tax liability will be $10,900. Last year, his total tax liability was $15,600. He estimates that his tax withholding from his employer will be $8,370 How much does Lloyd need to increase his withholding by (for the year), in order to avoid the underpayment penalty? Increase in withholding Assuming Lloyd does not make any additional payments, what is the amount of his underpayment penalty? Assume the federal short-term rate is 5 percent I have been trying to figure this out for days now i need helparrow_forwardsarrow_forward
- Individual Income TaxesAccountingISBN:9780357109731Author:HoffmanPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT