Chapter 4, Problem 14STP

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

Organism’s optimum temperature is between 21º C to 32 º C. Temperature effect between 21º C to 50 º C organisms.

Introduction:

Temperature affects the physiology of living organisms, state of water, and density. Temperature is an important factor because some organisms can survive after raising the temperature. These are a reflection of the evolutionary response of temperature.

Explanation of Solution

The chemical reaction rates of the cell are determined by the activities of enzyme. The range of temperature depends on the different types of enzymes function. Temperature is classified into three ranges: minimum, optimum, and maximum.

At maximum temperature above 50 ºC caused denaturation of enzymes and cell death. At minimum 4 º C the temperature, molecular activity, and enzymatic action cease. At optimum temperature, organisms are grown in best. The cytoplasmic membranes are temperature sensitive. Bacteria are classified based on temperature.

1. Phycrophiles: Grow between temperature range between 0-15 º C
2. Mesophiles: Grow between temperature range between 20-45 º C
3. Thermophiles: Grow between temperatures above 50 º C.

The adoptions to hot and cold temperature changes in the composition of proteins and lipids

Conclusion

Thus, the organisms best grow at optimum temperature. At high-temperature enzyme and protein becomes denatured. So, the organism needs to maintain its body temperature.