Physics:f/sci.+engrs.,ap Ed.
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553469
Author: Jewett, SERWAY
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 37.3, Problem 37.2QQ
Cat’s eyes have pupils that can be modeled as vertical slits. At night, would cats be more successful in resolving (a) headlights on a distant car or (b) vertically separated lights on the mast of a distant boat?
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Two motorcycles separated laterally by 2.11 m are approaching an observer wearing night-vision goggles sensitive to infrared light of wavelength 885 nm.
(a) Assume the light propagates through perfectly steady and uniform air. What aperture diameter is required if the motorcycles' headlights are to be resolved at a distance
of 10.2 km?
mm
(b) Comment on how realistic the assumption in part (a) is.
Many nocturnal animals demonstrate the phenomenon of eyeshine, in which their eyes glow various colors at night
when illuminated by a flashlight or the headlights of a car (see the photo). Their eyes react this way because of a thin
layer of reflective tissue called the tapetum lucidum that is located directly behind the retina. This tissue reflects the light
back through the retina, which increases the available light that can activate photoreceptors, and thus improve the
animal's vision in low-light conditions. If we assume the tapetum lucidum acts like a concave spherical mirror with a
radius of curvature of 0.750 cm, how far in front of the tapetum lucidum would an image form of an object located 30.0
cm away? Neglect the effects of the other structures of the eye, such as the cornea and lens.
3
Tapetum
lucidum
Eye
Retina
Lens
Cornea
In response to a camera flash, the eyes of
a cat named Einstein glow orange-red due
to the reflection of light from the tapetum
lucidum located behind…
Two motorcycles separated laterally by 2.30 m are approaching an observer wearing night-vision goggles sensitive to infrared light of wavelength 885 nm. (a) Assume the light propagates through perfectly steady and uniform air. What aperture diameter is required if the motorcycles’ headlights are to be resolved at a distance of 12.0 km? (b) Comment on how realistic the assumption in part (a) is.
Chapter 37 Solutions
Physics:f/sci.+engrs.,ap Ed.
Ch. 37.2 - Suppose the slit width in Figure 37.4 is made half...Ch. 37.3 - Cats eyes have pupils that can be modeled as...Ch. 37.3 - Suppose you are observing a binary star with a...Ch. 37.4 - Ultraviolet light of wavelength 350 nm is incident...Ch. 37.6 - A polarizer for microwaves can be made as a grid...Ch. 37.6 - You are walking down a long hallway that has many...Ch. 37 - Heliumneon laser light ( = 632.8 nm) is sent...Ch. 37 - From Equation 37.2, find an expression for the...Ch. 37 - Light of wavelength 540 nm passes through a slit...Ch. 37 - In Figure 37.7, show mathematically how many...
Ch. 37 - Assume light of wavelength 650 nm passes through...Ch. 37 - What If? Suppose light strikes a single slit of...Ch. 37 - A diffraction pattern is formed on a screen 120 cm...Ch. 37 - Coherent light of wavelength 501.5 nm is sent...Ch. 37 - The objective lens of a certain refracting...Ch. 37 - Yellow light of wavelength 589 nm is used to view...Ch. 37 - What is the approximate size of the smallest...Ch. 37 - A heliumneon laser emits light that has a...Ch. 37 - To increase the resolving power of a microscope,...Ch. 37 - Prob. 14PCh. 37 - Impressionist painter Georges Seurat created...Ch. 37 - Narrow, parallel, glowing gas-filled tubes in a...Ch. 37 - Consider an array of parallel wires with uniform...Ch. 37 - Three discrete spectral lines occur at angles of...Ch. 37 - A grating with 250 grooves/mm is used with an...Ch. 37 - Show that whenever white light is passed through a...Ch. 37 - Light from an argon laser strikes a diffraction...Ch. 37 - A wide beam of laser light with a wavelength of...Ch. 37 - You are working as a demonstration assistant for a...Ch. 37 - Prob. 24PCh. 37 - Prob. 25PCh. 37 - Prob. 26PCh. 37 - Prob. 27PCh. 37 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...Ch. 37 - The critical angle for total internal reflection...Ch. 37 - For a particular transparent medium surrounded by...Ch. 37 - Prob. 31PCh. 37 - An unpolarized beam of light is incident on a...Ch. 37 - In a single-slit diffraction pattern, assuming...Ch. 37 - Laser light with a wavelength of 632.8 nm is...Ch. 37 - Prob. 35APCh. 37 - Two motorcycles separated laterally by 2.30 m are...Ch. 37 - The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio...Ch. 37 - Two wavelengths and + (with ) are incident on...Ch. 37 - Review. A beam of 541-nm light is incident on a...Ch. 37 - Prob. 40APCh. 37 - Prob. 41APCh. 37 - Prob. 42APCh. 37 - A pinhole camera has a small circular aperture of...Ch. 37 - Prob. 44APCh. 37 - Prob. 45APCh. 37 - (a) Light traveling in a medium of index of...Ch. 37 - The intensity of light in a diffraction pattern of...Ch. 37 - Prob. 48APCh. 37 - Two closely spaced wavelengths of light are...Ch. 37 - A spy satellite can consist of a large-diameter...Ch. 37 - Prob. 51CPCh. 37 - In Figure P37.52, suppose the transmission axes of...Ch. 37 - Consider a light wave passing through a slit and...
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- Two polarizing sheets P1 and P2 are placed together with their transmission axes oriented at an angle to each other. What is when only 25% of the maximum transmitted light intensity passes through them?arrow_forwardThe movable mirror of a Michelson interferometer is attached to one end of a thin metal rod of length 23.3 mm. The other end of the rod is anchored so it does not move. As the temperature of the rod changes from 15°C to 25 C , a change of 14 fringes is observed. The light source is a He Ne laser, =632.8 nm . What is the change in length of the metal bar, and what is its thermal expansion coefficient?arrow_forwardA beam of 580-nm light passes through two closely spaced glass plates at close to normal incidence as shown in Figure P27.23. For what minimum nonzero value of the plate separation d is the transmitted light bright?arrow_forward
- Astronomers observe the chromosphere of the Sun with a filter that passes the red hydrogen spectral line of wavelength 656.3 nm, called the H line. The filter consists of a transparent dielectric of thickness d held between two partially aluminized glass plates. The filter is held at a constant temperature. (a) Find the minimum value of d that produces maximum transmission of perpendicular H light if the dielectric has an index of refraction of 1.378. (b) What If? If the temperature of the filter increases above the normal value, increasing its thickness, what happens to the transmitted wavelength? (c) The dielectric will also pass what near-visible wavelength? One of the glass plates is colored red to absorb this light.arrow_forwardShow that if you have three polarizing filters, with the second at an angle of 45.0to the first and at third at an angle of 90.0to the first, the intensity of light passed by the first will be reduced to 25.0% of its value. (This is in contrast to having only the first and third, which reduces the intensity to zero, so that placing the second between them increases the intensity of the transmitted light.)arrow_forwardIn a thermally stabilized lab, a Michelson interferometer is used to monitor the temperature to ensure it stays constant. The movable mirror is mounted on the end of a 1.00-m-long aluminum rod, held fixed at the other end. The light source is a He Ne laser, =632.8 nm . The resolution of this apparatus corresponds to the temperature difference when a change of just one fringe is observed. What is this temperature difference?arrow_forward
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