a.
The definition of rafter.
a.
Explanation of Solution
Rafter is defined as the building component that extended from hip to the wall. It is generally made of wood. It supports the load of roof deck. There are many types of rafter used in the building depending upon the size and location. The figure is shown below:
b.
The definition of truss.
b.
Explanation of Solution
It is defined as the collection of structural members that have only two force members. The whole structure acts as a single structure. The top member in the truss are generally in compression and the bottom member in the truss are generally in tension. Truss is used in railway bridges, stadium and electrical transmission towers. The figure is shown below:
c.
The definition of the ceiling joist.
c.
Explanation of Solution
Ceiling joist is defined as the horizontal member that transfers the load from rooftop to vertical member. It lies between the beams in the building. It is placed on the top of the wall frame. if there are no ceiling joists are present in the house all the rooftop load will directly transfer to the wall. The figure is shown below:
d.
The definition of collar tie.
d.
Explanation of Solution
Collar tie is defined as the horizontal member that runs in between rafters. Collar ties are always in tension. It helps in keeping the rafter beam with the ridge beam. It is always required in the upper third portion of rafter length. The main reason to provide the collar ties that it prevents the uplift force in case of winds. The figure is shown below:
e.
The definition of jack studs.
e.
Explanation of Solution
A jack stud is a block of wood that is usually attached to the underside of the main stud to strengthen it. The jack stud is usually cut a shorter little than the other studs to five allowances for the opening. The figure is shown below:
f.
The definition of rim joist.
f.
Explanation of Solution
It is defined as the structural member that withstand the lateral support for the joist to help in keeping all the joists together. It is generally made of the same material as the joists are made. It is attached perpendicular to the joist. The figure is shown below:
g.
The definition of chord.
g.
Explanation of Solution
It is defined as the outer member of the truss. The chord is subjected to compressive and bending stresses. It is part of the structural member of the truss. Chords define the envelope or shape.
The figure is shown below:
(h)
The definition of sheathing.
(h)
Explanation of Solution
It is defined as the material that is used in the wall or floor to provide the surface for other materials. There are many types of sheathing are used in building construction. It is a protective shield that is used in rooftop, walls and floor. It protects the house from rainwater, sunlight and wind. It can be made of wood or fiber. The figure is shown below:
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Chapter 37 Solutions
Architectural Drafting and Design (MindTap Course List)
- 4.5 in 2.5 in. D B1 0 140 lb 5 in. 40° 20 lb Replace the forces acting at A and D with an equivalent force-couple system acting at point B. Force B = acting at a angle measured from the Submit part Couple M= in the direction. answered Submit partarrow_forward4.5 in. 2.5 in. 140 lb B Only handwritten 5 in. 40° 120 lb Replace the forces acting at A and D with an equivalent force-couple system acting at point B. Force B = acting at a angle measured from the Submit part Couple M= in the direction. Unansweredarrow_forward1.) Calculate the internal forces and moments (shear force, bending moment, and axial force if applicable) at point C on the beam shown below. Clearly show all your steps, including the calculation of support reactions, and the determination of internal loadings at point C. (Ans: Nc = 0 kN, Vc = -6.53 kN, Mc = 71.68 kN.m) 40 pts. 7.5 kN A H 6.0 kN/m 4.0 kN 4.0 C B 2.0 3.0 7.0 1.5 2.0arrow_forward
- Please solve using cartesian coordinates. Be clear about why cos or sin is used (explain the trig). Make sure to account for the normal force.arrow_forwardSolve /Draw the shear force and bending moment for these Don't use Artificial intelligencearrow_forwardA For the gravity concrete dam shown in the figure, the following data are available: -The factor of safety against sliding (F.S sliding) =1.2 - Unit weight of concrete (Yeone) 24 KN/m³ - Neglect( Wave pressure, silt pressure, ice force and earth quake force) H=0.65, (Ywater)= 9.81 KN/m³ Find factor of safety against overturning (F.S overturning) 10m 5m 6m 80marrow_forward
- Draw the shear force and bending moment diagramarrow_forwardThe pin-connected structure consists of a rigid beam ABCD and two supporting bars. Bar (1) is an aluminum alloy [E = 75 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₁ = 850 mm². Bar (2) is a bronze alloy [E = 109 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₂ = 410 mm². Assume L₁=2.6 m, L₂-3.3 m, a=0.7 m, b=1.5 m, and c=0.8 m. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 4.5-mm clearance in the pin connection at A. If a load of P = 45 kN is applied at B, determine: (a) the normal stresses σ1,02, in both bars (1) and (2). (b) the normal strains €1, €2, in bars (1) and (2). (c) determine the downward deflection VA of point A on the rigid bar. (1) Answers: a (a) σ1 = (b) E₁ = (C) VA = i i i ล B C L2 b C MPa, σ = i με, Ε2 i mm. MPa. μεarrow_forwardThe pin-connected structure consists of a rigid beam ABCD and two supporting bars. Bar (1) is an aluminum alloy [E = 79 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₁ = 780 mm². Bar (2) is a bronze alloy [E = 104 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₂ = 460 mm². Assume L₁=1.6 m, L₂-2.1 m, a=0.6 m, b=1.8 m, and c-1.3 m. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 4-mm clearance in the pin connection at A. If a load of P = 58 kN is applied at B, determine: (a) the normal stresses 01,02, in both bars (1) and (2). (b) the normal strains €1,2, in bars (1) and (2). (c) determine the downward deflection VA of point A on the rigid bar. (1) L₁ B Answers: (a)σ = b ล L2 C D i MPa, σ1 = i MPa. με, Ε2 = i με. (b) €1 = i (C) VA = i mm.arrow_forward
- A load of P = 114 kN is supported by a structure consisting of rigid bar ABC, two identical solid bronze [E = 116 GPa] rods, and a solid steel [E=192 GPa] rod, as shown. The bronze rods (1) each have a diameter of 19 mm and they are symmetrically positioned relative to the center rod (2) and the applied load P. Steel rod (2) has a diameter of 28 mm. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 1.5-mm clearance in the bolted connection at B. Assume L₁ = 2.4 m and L₂ = 1.5 m. Determine: (a) the normal stresses in the bronze and steel rods (01, 02). (b) the downward deflection of rigid bar ABC. (1) Answers: L2 (a) σ1 (b) v = = i i B (1) MPa, 02 mm. = i MPa.arrow_forwardA load of P = 114 kN is supported by a structure consisting of rigid bar ABC, two identical solid bronze [E = 116 GPa] rods, and a solid steel [E=192 GPa] rod, as shown. The bronze rods (1) each have a diameter of 19 mm and they are symmetrically positioned relative to the center rod (2) and the applied load P. Steel rod (2) has a diameter of 28 mm. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 1.5-mm clearance in the bolted connection at B. Assume L₁ = 2.4m and L2 = 1.5 m. Determine: (a) the normal stresses in the bronze and steel rods (01,02). (b) the downward deflection of rigid bar ABC. (1) Answers: (a)σ1 = (b) vi L2 (2) (1) B P mm. Li MPa, 02 MPa. =arrow_forwardA high-density polvethelene (HD PE I9 - 780 MPaiy = 0.46 rod has a diameter of 70 mm before load Pis applied. In order to maintain certain clearances, the diameter of the rod must not exceed 72 mm when loaded. What is the largest permissible compressive load P that can be applied to the HDPE rod?arrow_forward
Architectural Drafting and Design (MindTap Course...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781285165738Author:Alan Jefferis, David A. Madsen, David P. MadsenPublisher:Cengage Learning
Construction Materials, Methods and Techniques (M...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781305086272Author:William P. Spence, Eva KultermannPublisher:Cengage Learning