a.
The definition of rafter.
a.
Explanation of Solution
Rafter is defined as the building component that extended from hip to the wall. It is generally made of wood. It supports the load of roof deck. There are many types of rafter used in the building depending upon the size and location. The figure is shown below:
b.
The definition of truss.
b.
Explanation of Solution
It is defined as the collection of structural members that have only two force members. The whole structure acts as a single structure. The top member in the truss are generally in compression and the bottom member in the truss are generally in tension. Truss is used in railway bridges, stadium and electrical transmission towers. The figure is shown below:
c.
The definition of the ceiling joist.
c.
Explanation of Solution
Ceiling joist is defined as the horizontal member that transfers the load from rooftop to vertical member. It lies between the beams in the building. It is placed on the top of the wall frame. if there are no ceiling joists are present in the house all the rooftop load will directly transfer to the wall. The figure is shown below:
d.
The definition of collar tie.
d.
Explanation of Solution
Collar tie is defined as the horizontal member that runs in between rafters. Collar ties are always in tension. It helps in keeping the rafter beam with the ridge beam. It is always required in the upper third portion of rafter length. The main reason to provide the collar ties that it prevents the uplift force in case of winds. The figure is shown below:
e.
The definition of jack studs.
e.
Explanation of Solution
A jack stud is a block of wood that is usually attached to the underside of the main stud to strengthen it. The jack stud is usually cut a shorter little than the other studs to five allowances for the opening. The figure is shown below:
f.
The definition of rim joist.
f.
Explanation of Solution
It is defined as the structural member that withstand the lateral support for the joist to help in keeping all the joists together. It is generally made of the same material as the joists are made. It is attached perpendicular to the joist. The figure is shown below:
g.
The definition of chord.
g.
Explanation of Solution
It is defined as the outer member of the truss. The chord is subjected to compressive and bending stresses. It is part of the structural member of the truss. Chords define the envelope or shape.
The figure is shown below:
(h)
The definition of sheathing.
(h)
Explanation of Solution
It is defined as the material that is used in the wall or floor to provide the surface for other materials. There are many types of sheathing are used in building construction. It is a protective shield that is used in rooftop, walls and floor. It protects the house from rainwater, sunlight and wind. It can be made of wood or fiber. The figure is shown below:
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Chapter 37 Solutions
Architectural Drafting and Design (MindTap Course List)
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