Bio 121 Campbell Biology Truman College
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781323670637
Author: Urry, Cain
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 37, Problem 12TYU
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Acid precipitation has an abnormally high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). One effect of acid precipitation is to deplete the soil of nutrients such as calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), and magnesium (Mg2+). Suggest a hypothesis to explain how acid precipitation washes these nutrients from the soil. How might you test your hypothesis?
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Which soil mineral is most likely to be leached away during heavy rain?
O hydrogen ion (H+)
O Potassium ion (K+)
O chloride ion (Cl-)
O Calcium ion (Ca2+)
O Sodium ion (Na+)
Observation: I want to know what effect salt has on the growth of grass. So I measure out 3 equal-sized squares of grass out the back of the Green Building. The first square of lawn I water with 5 liters of pure water from a watering can every day. The second square of lawn I water with 5 liters of pure water with 2 grams of salt mixed in, every day. The third square of lawn I water with 5 liters of pure water with 4 grams of salt mixed in, every day. I measure the height of the grass after 14 days and note the following observations. The first square is green and 15 cm high. The second square is greeny-yellow and 6 cm high. The third square is yellowy-brown and looks dead and is only 2cm high. What could we infer about the effect salt has on the growth of grass?
It is common for bogs to have a pH of 3, why does this make them nutrient poor?
1. Low pH reduces the solubility of many nutrients.
2. Low pH increases nutrient binding to organic matter.
3. Low pH prevents the growth of the microorganisms responsible for the breakdown of organic matter.
4. Low pH reduces cation exchange.
Chapter 37 Solutions
Bio 121 Campbell Biology Truman College
Ch. 37.1 - Explain how the phrase "too much of a good thing"...Ch. 37.1 - Some lawn mowers collect clippings. What is a...Ch. 37.1 - WHAT IF? How would adding clay to loamy soil...Ch. 37.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Note three ways the properties...Ch. 37.2 - Are some essential elements more important than...Ch. 37.2 - WHAT IF? If an element increases the growth rate...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.3 - How do soil bacteria and mycorrhizae contribute to...Ch. 37.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS What is a general term that is...
Ch. 37.3 - WHAT IF? A peanut farmer finds that the older...Ch. 37 - How is soil a complex ecosystem?Ch. 37 - Do plants need soil to grow? Explain.Ch. 37 - Prob. 37.3CRCh. 37 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The inorganic...Ch. 37 - Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts...Ch. 37 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 37 - A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older...Ch. 37 - The greatest difference in health between two...Ch. 37 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 37 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Acid precipitation has an...Ch. 37 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In many...Ch. 37 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 15TYU
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- 30. Living material (like plant roots) consist of many kinds of chemicals dissolved in water. Suppose the water concentration within the root cells is 90% explain why water in the soil (nearly pure water) tends to move into plant roots rather than out of themarrow_forwardDRAW IT Draw a simple sketch of cation exchange, showinga root hair, a soil particle with anions, and a hydrogen iondisplacing a mineral cation.arrow_forwardTest Content Question 1 Which factors affect soil quality? A all of these B history of the soil © presence of living organisms and topography chemical composition Question 2 What is the outermost covering of a fruit? A mesocarp B) endocarp (c) pericarp D exocarp Question 3 What occurs when stomata open? A Water vapor is lost to the external environment, increasing the rate of transpiration. B Water vapor is lost to the external environment, decreasing the rate of transpiration. C Water vapor enters the spaces in the mesophyll, increasing the rate of transpiration. Water vapor enters the spaces in the mesophyll, decreasing the rate of transpiration.arrow_forward
- Atmospheric Nitrogen (N,) Plants Assimilation Denitrifyng Bacteria Nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in legume root nodules Nitrates (NO, ) Decomposers (aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fungi) Nitrifying bacteria Ammonification Nitrification Ammonium (NH,) Nitrites (NO, ) Nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria Nitrifying bacteria 1. What is the name of this cycle? 2. Why isn't ammonium absorbed directly by green plants? 3. Describe the role of nitrates in this nitrogen cycle?arrow_forward58. Which is not true about soil? O It is a modifier of the earth's atmosphere. O It is a medium of plant growth. O All options are true. O It is a habitat of organisms. Cooterarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about soil is true? (a) pore spaces are always filled with about 50% air and 50% water (b) a single teaspoon of fertile agricultural soil may contain up to several hundred living microorganisms(c) the texture of a soil is determined by the soil’s pH (d) a soil’s organic matter includes litter, droppings, and the dead remains of plants, animals, and microorganisms (e) soil formation is unaffected by a region’s climate or topographyarrow_forward
- SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY • INTERPRET THE DATA A Minnesotagardener notes that the plants immediately bordering a walkwayare stunted compared with those farther away. Suspectingthat the soil near the walkway may be contaminated from saltadded to the walkway in winter, the gardener tests the soil. Thecomposition of the soil near the walkway is identical to thatfarther away except that it contains an additional 50 mM NaCl.Assuming that the NaCl is completely ionized, calculate howmuch it will lower the solute potential of the soil at 20°C usingthe solute potential equation:ΨS = -iCRTwhere i is the ionization constant (2 for NaCl), C is themolar concentration (in mol/L), R is the pressure constant[R = 0.00831 (L · MPa)/(mol · K)], and T is the temperature inKelvin (273 + °C).How would this change in the solute potential of the soilaffect the water potential of the soil? In what way would thechange in the water potential of the soil affect the movementof water in or out of the roots?arrow_forwardSoils have vital role in Soil-Plant-Atmosphere-Continuum. (i) How would different soil textures affect soil water availability? (ii) Identify and elaborate the state of soil water that is available to plants.arrow_forwardWould a soil high in clay but low in organic matter have a higher cation-exchange capacity than a soil low in clay and high in organic matter?arrow_forward
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