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Concept introduction: The circulatory system in animals has been mainly classified into closed or open. The closed circulatory system is the one in which blood closed at all times within the specialized blood vessels of different size and thickness whereas in an open circulatory system, blood is pumped by the heart into the body cavities, where the tissues are filled with the blood.
Answer to Problem 1SQ
Correct answer: All vertebrates have a closed circulatory system. Therefore, option a. is the correct answer.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct answer: All the higher organisms including all vertebrates will possess a well defined closed circulatory system. This complex system primarily composed of blood, heart and a huge network of blood vessels. The characteristic feature of this system is the blood always flows through closed blood vessels only. As this is evolutionarily a complex system of circulation, it is seen in higher groups like vertebrates only.
Option a. is given as “closed circulatory system”. In all vertebrate members, the blood always flows through well defined vessels only. Therefore it is called as closed circulatory system. Hence, option a. is the correct answer.
Reasons for the incorrect answer:
Option b. is given as “a two-chambered heart”. All vertebrates possess a well defined four chambered heart, demarcated into definite atrium and ventricles. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as “hemolymph”. Hemolymph is the body fluid present in invertebrates, which is analogous to the blood in vertebrate organisms. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as “all of the above”. All vertebrates do not have a two chambered heart rather they possess a heart with four distinct chambers. They do not have hemolymph but have blood as the body fluid with a closed circulatory system. Therefore, option d. is incorrect.
Hence, options b., c., and d. are incorrect.
All vertebrates possess a well defined closed circulatory system.
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Chapter 36 Solutions
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