Chapter 3.5, Problem 53E

Solution

a.

To graph: Penicillin widespread used in $1980s.$

Given Information:

The data pairs approximately in bar graph

Scatter plot $t=1\text{ for }1976,t=8\text{ for }1983$

  $(1,11),(8,6),(15,4.8),(16,4)\text{ and }(17,2.5)$

Graph:

A scatter plot of the data. Remember to label the axes if possible.

  

Interpretation :

The data plotted in a scatter plot. Label the $x\text{ axis }$ and $y\text{ axis }$ .

  $x\text{ axis }$ year after $1975$

  $y\text{ axis }$ $\text{DDDD1000 peopleday}$

b.

To calculate: Penicillin use grew to such an extent in the $1980s$ that it was essentially ineffective for treating ordinary sinus and ear infections.

The bar chart gives the incorrect impression that the numbers have changed because it makes it appear as though the years were evenly spaced out.

Given Information:

The scatter plot reveals that the years displayed in the bar chart are unevenly spaced out: there is a $7$ -year gap between $1976$ and $1983$ , followed by a period of two years straight up to $1990$ . The bar chart gives a false picture of the change in numbers by making it appear as though the years were evenly spaced out.

Conclusion:

The bar chart gives the incorrect impression that the numbers have changed because it makes it appear as though the years were evenly spaced out.