Explanation Procedure used: The general solution of the homogeneous differential equation a y ″ + b y ′ + c y = G ( x ) can be written as y ( x ) = y c ( x ) + y p ( x ) , where y c ( x ) is complimentary solution of a y ″ + b y ′ + c y = 0 and y p ( x ) is the particular solution of a y ″ + b y ′ + c y = G ( x ) . The complimentary solution is y c = C 1 y 1 ( x ) + C 2 y 2 ( x ) . (1) Here C 1 and C 2 are constants. The parameters C 1 and C 2 in y c can be replaced with functions u 1 and u 2 (variable parameters), so that y p ( x ) = u 1 ( x ) y 1 ( x ) + u 2 ( x ) y 2 ( x ) (2) Determine two unknown functions u 1 and u 2 , by Cramer’s Rule, y 1 u ′ 1 + y 2 u ′ 2 = 0 (3) y 1 u ′ 1 + y 2 u ′ 2 = f ( x ) (4) Use Wronskian method to find W , W 1 and W 2 as follows. W = | y 1 y 2 y ′ 1 y ′ 2 | (5) W 1 = | 0 y 2 f ( x ) y ′ 2 | W 2 = | y 1 0 y ′ 1 f ( x ) | u ′ 1 = W 1 W = − y 2 f ( x ) W and u ′ 2 = W 2 W = y 1 f ( x ) W (6) The functions u 1 and u 2 can be found by integrating the results in (6). If the integrand is continuous on the interval [ x 0 , x ] , u 1 ( x ) = ∫ x 0 x y 2 ( t ) f ( t ) W ( t ) d t and u 2 ( x ) = ∫ x 0 x y 1 ( t ) f ( t ) W ( t ) d t (7) Substitute the values of u 1 and u 2 in equation (2) to find the particular solution. The general solution of the equation is then y = y c + y p . Calculations: Given that, y 1 = cos ( ln x ) , y 2 = sin ( ln x ) are linearly independent solutions of the associated homogeneous differential equation on ( 0 , ∞ ) . From equation (1), the complementary solution is y c ( x ) = C 1 cos ( ln x ) + C 2 sin ( ln x ) Find a particular solution of x 2 y ″ + x y ′ + y = sec ( ln x ) using variation of parameters. First convert the equation in the standard form by dividing by x 2 . y ″ + 1 x y ′ + 1 x 2 y = 1 x 2 sec ( ln x ) Let f ( x ) = 1 x 2 sec ( ln x ) , compute W ( y 1 , y 2 )

6th Edition

ISBN: 9781284127003

Author: ZILL

Publisher: JONES+BARTLETT LEARNING,LLC (CC)

See similar textbooks

Concept explainers

Differential Equations

Have you ever observed the movement of the satellites and rockets or how the planets go around the sun in their orbits? How will you determine their motion? Definitely they follow some scientific laws and these kinds of problems are framed as differentia…

Videos

Question

Chapter 3.5, Problem 28E

To determine

To find: The given differential equation x2y″+xy′+y=sec(lnx) by variation of parameters.

Expert Solution & Answer

Chapter 3 Solutions

EBK ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 10E

Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 26E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 35E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 36E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 37E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 38E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 40E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 42E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 26E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 35E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 36E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 37E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 38E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 39E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 40E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 41E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 42E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 43E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 44E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 45E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 46E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 47E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 48E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 49E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 50E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 51E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 52E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 53E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 54E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 55E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 56E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 57E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 58E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 59E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 60E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 61E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 62E Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 63E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 26E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 35E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 36E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 37E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 38E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 39E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 40E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 41E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 42E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 43E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 44E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 45E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 46E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 47E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 48E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 26E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 26E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 35E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 36E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 37E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 38E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 39E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 40E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 41E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 42E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 43E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 44E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 45E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 46E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 47E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 48E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 49E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 50E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 51E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 52E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 55E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 56E Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 57E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 26E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 35E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 36E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 37E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 38E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 39E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 41E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 42E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 43E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 44E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 45E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 49E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 50E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 51E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 52E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 53E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 54E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 55E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 56E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 57E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 58E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 59E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 60E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 61E Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 62E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 35E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 36E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 37E Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 38E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 26E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 35E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 36E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 37E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 38E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 39E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 40E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 41E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 42E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 43E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 44E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 45E Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 46E Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 1E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3 - Prob. 1CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 2CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 3CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 4CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 5CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 6CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 7CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 8CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 9CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 10CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 11CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 12CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 13CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 14CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 15CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 16CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 17CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 18CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 19CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 20CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 21CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 22CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 23CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 24CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 25CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 26CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 27CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 28CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 29CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 30CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 31CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 32CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 33CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 34CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 35CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 36CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 37CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 38CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 40CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 41CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 42CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 43CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 44CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 45CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 46CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 47CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 48CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 49CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 50CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 51CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 53CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 54CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 55CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 56CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 57CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 58CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 59CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 60CR Ch. 3 - Prob. 61CR

Knowledge Booster

$Advanced Math$

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, advanced-math and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

The given differential equation x 2 y ″ + x y ′ + y = sec ( ln x ) by variation of parameters.

Solution Summary: The author explains the general solution of the homogeneous differential equation ay′′+x

Concept explainers

Videos

To find: The given differential equation x2y″+xy′+y=sec(lnx) by variation of parameters.

Chapter 3 Solutions