Mathematics All Around (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134506470
Author: Pirnot
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3.4, Problem 46E
We have emphasized that the form of a logical argument is more important than its content. Recall in Example 2 that you saw an argument that sounds reasonable, yet has an invalid form. In Exercises 43-46, refer to the tables on page 121 that show forms of some standard valid and invalid arguments. In each exercise, explain your thinking. Try to make your examples interesting by referring to topics currently in the news.
46. Write an argument that sounds unreasonable but has a invalid form.
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Let G
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(V,E) be a 3-connected graph. We prove that for every x, y, z Є V, there is a
cycle in G on which x, y, and z all lie.
(a) First prove that there are two internally disjoint xy-paths Po and P₁.
(b) If z is on either Po or P₁, then combining Po and P₁ produces a cycle on which
x, y, and z all lie. So assume that z is not on Po and not on P₁. Now prove that
there are three paths Qo, Q1, and Q2 such that:
⚫each Qi starts at z;
• each Qi ends at a vertex w; that is on Po or on P₁, where wo, w₁, and w₂ are
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the paths Qo, Q1, Q2 are disjoint from each other (except at the start vertex
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W1, and w₂).
(c) Use paths Po, P₁, Qo, Q1, and Q2 to prove that there is a cycle on which x, y, and
z all lie. (To do this, notice that two of the w; must be on the same Pj.)
Chapter 3 Solutions
Mathematics All Around (6th Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...Ch. 3.1 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercise 110, determine...
Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercise 1120, identify each statement as...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the following statements: g: Global...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the following statements: g: Global...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the following statements: g: Global...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the following statements: g: Global...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the following statements: t: The radial...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 3.1 - Consider the following statements: t: The radial...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the following statements: t: The radial...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 2934, negate each quantified...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 2934, negate each quantified...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 2934, negate each quantified...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 2934, negate each quantified...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 2934, negate each quantified...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 2934, negate each quantified...Ch. 3.1 - Applying What Youve Learned Use the following...Ch. 3.1 - Applying What Youve Learned Use the following...Ch. 3.1 - Applying What Youve Learned Use the following...Ch. 3.1 - Applying What Youve Learned Use the following...Ch. 3.1 - Applying What Youve Learned Use the following...Ch. 3.1 - Applying What Youve Learned Use the following...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the happy and sad faces below. Determine...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the happy and sad faces below. Determine...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the happy and sad faces below. Determine...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the happy and sad faces below. Determine...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 4548, examine each statement to...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 4548, examine each statement to...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 4548, examine each statement to...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 4548, examine each statement to...Ch. 3.1 - Because the English language is so complex, it is...Ch. 3.1 - Because the English language is so complex, it is...Ch. 3.1 - Because the English language is so complex, it is...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 52ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 53ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 54ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 55ECh. 3.1 - In 1937, Claude Shannon showed that computer...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 57ECh. 3.1 - In 1937, Claude Shannon showed that computer...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 5962, determine if the following...Ch. 3.1 - In Exercises 5962, determine if the following...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 61ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 62ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 63ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 64ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 65ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 66ECh. 3.1 - 6772. In symbolic logic, the form of statements is...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 68ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 69ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 70ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 71ECh. 3.1 - 6772. In symbolic logic, the form of statements is...Ch. 3.1 - Think of real-life situation that you might want...Ch. 3.1 - Provide arguments for or against the view that...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 1-10, assume that p is true, q is...Ch. 3.2 - State whether the numbers given in Exercise 11-14...Ch. 3.2 - State whether the numbers given in Exercise 11-14...Ch. 3.2 - State whether the numbers given in Exercise 11-14...Ch. 3.2 - State whether the numbers given in Exercise 11-14...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 15-24, construct a truth table for...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 25-28, determine whether we are using...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 25-28, determine whether we are using...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 25-28, determine whether we are using...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 25-28, determine whether we are using...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 29-34, use DeMorgans laws to rewrite...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 29-34, use DeMorgans laws to rewrite...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 29-34, use DeMorgans laws to rewrite...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 29-34, use DeMorgans laws to rewrite...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 29-34, use DeMorgans laws to rewrite...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 29-34, use DeMorgans laws to rewrite...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 35-42, determine whether the pair of...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 35-42, determine whether the pair of...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 35-42, determine whether the pair of...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 35-42, determine whether the pair of...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 35-42, determine whether the pair of...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 35-42, determine whether the pair of...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 35-42, determine whether the pair of...Ch. 3.2 - In Exercise 35-42, determine whether the pair of...Ch. 3.2 - Exercise 43-48, deal with three-valued logic....Ch. 3.2 - Exercise 43-48, deal with three-valued logic....Ch. 3.2 - Exercise 43-48, deal with three-valued logic....Ch. 3.2 - Exercise 43-48, deal with three-valued logic....Ch. 3.2 - Exercise 43-48, deal with three-valued logic....Ch. 3.2 - Exercise 43-48, deal with three-valued logic....Ch. 3.2 - Applying What Youve Learned Use the following...Ch. 3.2 - Applying What Youve Learned Use the following...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 51ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 52ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 53ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 54ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 55ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 56ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 57ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 58ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 59ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 60ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 61ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 62ECh. 3.2 - Use this graph based on data from the National Pet...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 64ECh. 3.2 - In Section 3.1 page 94, we showed how to represent...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 66ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 67ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 68ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 69ECh. 3.2 - What advantage do you see in using truth tables to...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 71ECh. 3.2 - The and connective is necessary in the sense that...Ch. 3.2 - The stroke connective has the following truth...Ch. 3.2 - The stroke connective has the following truth...Ch. 3.2 - The stroke connective has the following truth...Ch. 3.2 - The stroke connective has the following truth...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 3.3 - Assume that you begin with a statement of the form...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 3.3 - Assume that you begin with a statement of the form...Ch. 3.3 - Assume that you begin with a statement of the form...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 3336, write the indicated statement...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 3336, write the indicated statement...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 3.3 - In Exercises 3740, determine which pairs of...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 3740, determine which pairs of...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 3.3 - In Exercises 4148, rewrite each statement using...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 42ECh. 3.3 - In Exercises 4148, rewrite each statement using...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 3.3 - In Exercises 4148, rewrite each statement using...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 3.3 - Find the truth value for each statement in...Ch. 3.3 - Find the truth value for each statement in...Ch. 3.3 - Find the truth value for each statement in...Ch. 3.3 - Find the truth value for each statement in...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 53ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 54ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 55ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 56ECh. 3.3 - According to an Accountemps survey appearing in...Ch. 3.3 - According to an Accountemps survey appearing in...Ch. 3.3 - According to an Accountemps survey appearing in...Ch. 3.3 - According to an Accountemps survey appearing in...Ch. 3.3 - Perhaps you have heard the term helicopter...Ch. 3.3 - Perhaps you have heard the term helicopter...Ch. 3.3 - Perhaps you have heard the term helicopter...Ch. 3.3 - Perhaps you have heard the term helicopter...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 6568, write the converse, inverse, or...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 6568, write the converse, inverse, or...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 6568, write the converse, inverse, or...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 6568, write the converse, inverse, or...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 69ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 70ECh. 3.3 - Communicating Mathematics Give an example of a...Ch. 3.3 - Communicating Mathematics Is it possible to have a...Ch. 3.3 - Communicating Mathematics Explain why it is...Ch. 3.3 - Communicating Mathematics Why is it reasonable to...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 75 and 76, assume that a credit card...Ch. 3.3 - In Exercises 75 and 76, assume that a credit card...Ch. 3.3 - Challenge Yourself In Exercises 79 and 80, use...Ch. 3.3 - Challenge Yourself In Exercises 79 and 80, use...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 81ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 82ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 83ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 84ECh. 3.3 - Exercises 85 and 86 are based on the exercise sets...Ch. 3.3 - Exercises 85 and 86 are based on the exercise sets...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 2ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 3.4 - We have emphasized that the form of a logical...Ch. 3.4 - We have emphasized that the form of a logical...Ch. 3.4 - We have emphasized that the form of a logical...Ch. 3.4 - We have emphasized that the form of a logical...Ch. 3.4 - Challenge Yourself Exercises 49-52 are puzzles...Ch. 3.4 - Challenge Yourself Exercises 49-52 are puzzles...Ch. 3.4 - Challenge Yourself Exercises 49-52 are puzzles...Ch. 3.4 - In a complicated argument with many variables, it...Ch. 3.4 - In a complicated argument with many variables, it...Ch. 3.4 - In addition to the argument forms that you studies...Ch. 3.4 - In addition to the argument forms that you studies...Ch. 3.4 - In addition to the argument forms that you studies...Ch. 3.4 - In addition to the argument forms that you studies...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 116, determine whether each syllogism...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercise 1724, complete each syllogism so that...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 3.5 - In Exercise 1724, complete each syllogism so that...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 3.5 - In Exercise 1724, complete each syllogism so that...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 3.5 - In Exercise 1724, complete each syllogism so that...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 24ECh. 3.5 - In Exercises 25 28, write two syllogisms that can...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercises 25 28, write two syllogisms that can...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercises 25 28, write two syllogisms that can...Ch. 3.5 - In Exercises 25 28, write two syllogisms that can...Ch. 3.5 - Give an example of a valid syllogism that has a...Ch. 3.5 - Give an example of a invalid syllogism that has a...Ch. 3.5 - Draw an Euler diagram for the statements All As...Ch. 3.5 - Draw an Euler diagram for the statements Some As...Ch. 3.5 - Draw an Euler diagram for the statements No As are...Ch. 3.5 - In each of your drawings for Exercises 31 33,...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 1-8, assign a truth value between 0...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 1-8, assign a truth value between 0...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 1-8, assign a truth value between 0...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 1-8, assign a truth value between 0...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 1-8, assign a truth value between 0...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 1-8, assign a truth value between 0...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 1-8, assign a truth value between 0...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 1-8, assign a truth value between 0...Ch. 3.6 - In a Exercises 9-12, calculate the truth value of...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 10ECh. 3.6 - Prob. 11ECh. 3.6 - In a Exercises 9-12, calculate the truth value of...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 13-16, consider the following fuzzy...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 13-16, consider the following fuzzy...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercise 13-16, consider the following fuzzy...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercise 13-16, consider the following fuzzy...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 17-24, assume that p has a truth...Ch. 3.6 - In Exercises 17-24, assume that p has a truth...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.6 - In Exercises 17-24, assume that p has a truth...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 21ECh. 3.6 - Prob. 22ECh. 3.6 - In Exercises 17-24, assume that p has a truth...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 24ECh. 3.6 - In exercises 25-28, use the method described in...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 26ECh. 3.6 - In exercises 25-28, use the method described in...Ch. 3.6 - In exercises 25-28, use the method described in...Ch. 3.6 - How are the rules for computing the truth tables...Ch. 3.6 - Discuss some situations in which using fuzzy logic...Ch. 3.6 - Choose a situation you will face in which you must...Ch. 3.6 - Do you have any criticisms of the decision-making...Ch. 3.CR - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.CR - Let v represent the statement I will buy a new...Ch. 3.CR - Let f represent Antonio is fluent in Spanish and...Ch. 3.CR - Negate each quantified statement and then rewrite...Ch. 3.CR - Let p represent some true statement, q represent...Ch. 3.CR - How many rows will be in the table for each...Ch. 3.CR - Construct a truth table for each statement. a....Ch. 3.CR - Negate each statement and then rewrite the...Ch. 3.CR - Which pairs of statements are logically...Ch. 3.CR - Assume we are dealing with three- valued logic and...Ch. 3.CR - Assume that p represent a true statement, q a...Ch. 3.CR - Construct a truth table for each statement. a. pq...Ch. 3.CR - Prob. 13CRCh. 3.CR - Rewrite each statement using the words if then. a....Ch. 3.CR - Section 3.4 15. Identify the form of each...Ch. 3.CR - Determine whether the form represents a valid...Ch. 3.CR - Use a truth table to determine whether the...Ch. 3.CR - In Exercises 18 and 19, use Euler diagrams to...Ch. 3.CR - In Exercises 18 and 19, use Euler diagrams to...Ch. 3.CR - Assume that p and q are fuzzy statements having...Ch. 3.CT - Which of the following are statements? a. New York...Ch. 3.CT - Negate each quantified statement and then rewrite...Ch. 3.CT - Let p represent the statement I will pass my...Ch. 3.CT - Let t represent The Tigers will win the series and...Ch. 3.CT - Prob. 5CTCh. 3.CT - If p is false and q is true and r is false, what...Ch. 3.CT - Prob. 7CTCh. 3.CT - Construct a truth table for each statement. a....Ch. 3.CT - Prob. 9CTCh. 3.CT - Negate each statement and then rewrite the...Ch. 3.CT - Determine whether the following pairs of...Ch. 3.CT - Write in words the converse, inverse, and...Ch. 3.CT - If p is true, q is false, and r is true, what is...Ch. 3.CT - Assume we are dealing with three-valued logic and...Ch. 3.CT - Prob. 15CTCh. 3.CT - Determine whether the form represents a valid...Ch. 3.CT - Identify the form of each argument. If it aint...Ch. 3.CT - In fuzzy logic, we replaced the conditional pq by...Ch. 3.CT - Use a truth table to determine if the argument is...Ch. 3.CT - Use an Euler diagram to determine whether the...
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Publisher:Cengage Learning
Propositional Logic, Propositional Variables & Compound Propositions; Author: Neso Academy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib5njCwNMdk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Propositional Logic - Discrete math; Author: Charles Edeki - Math Computer Science Programming;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rL_8y2v1Guw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
DM-12-Propositional Logic-Basics; Author: GATEBOOK VIDEO LECTURES;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzUBrJLIESU;License: Standard Youtube License
Lecture 1 - Propositional Logic; Author: nptelhrd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xlUFkMKSB3Y;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
MFCS unit-1 || Part:1 || JNTU || Well formed formula || propositional calculus || truth tables; Author: Learn with Smily;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XV15Q4mCcHc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY