Chapter 3.3B, Problem 3.6P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structures and names corresponding to the five isomers of ${\text{C}}_6{\text{H}}_{14}$.

Interpretation: The structures and names corresponding to the five isomers of ${\text{C}}_6{\text{H}}_{14}$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The rules for the naming of alkanes are stated below.

• Firstly the longest carbon chain is chosen and the naming of chain is done according to the number of carbon atoms that are present in the chain.
• Numbering of the chain is done in such a way that the substituent groups are placed at the lowest position.
• Naming of substituent groups is done by the replacing of –ane with –yl.
• If different types of substituent groups are present then they are written in an alphabetical order.
• If a substituent is present more than one time then prefixes like di, tri, tetra are used depending on the number of times that particular substituent group appears in the chain.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structures and names corresponding to the nine isomers of ${\text{C}}_7{\text{H}}_{16}$.

Interpretation: The structures and names corresponding to the nine isomers of ${\text{C}}_7{\text{H}}_{16}$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The rules for the naming of alkanes are stated below.

• Firstly the longest carbon chain is chosen and the naming of chain is done according to the number of carbon atoms that are present in the chain.
• Numbering of the chain is done in such a way that the substituent groups are placed at the lowest position.
• Naming of substituent groups is done by the replacing of –ane with –yl.
• If different types of substituent groups are present then they are written in an alphabetical order.
• If a substituent is present more than one time then prefixes like di, tri, tetra are used depending on the number of times that particular substituent group appears in the chain.