Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 32.2, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
Many direct factors or general barriers contribute to all host-microbe relationship to some degree. In some conditions, they favor the microbial establishments and in some conditions, they provide some measure of general defense to the host. The vertebral host possesses some specific physical and mechanical barriers. These barriers are the first line of defense against physical, chemical, and microbial assaults. Skin, mucous membranes, epithelia of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal systems are examples of first-line defense barriers.
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The production of antimicrobial peptides is one of the most evolutionarily ancient mechanisms of defense for multicellular organisms, and most eukaryotic species make many different forms of these proteins. For instance, human paneth cells in the gastrointestinal epithelium make 21 different defensins. The reason for this diversity of antimicrobial peptides is:
Epithelial cells make different forms than those made by neutrophils.
Neutrophils make many different defensins and store them as inactive proteins in their secretory granules.
Most of them are produced only in response to infection.
The production of different peptides is induced following a bacterial infection versus a fungal infection.
Each one has distinct activities against Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, or fungi.
Select all of the following that are functions performed by different antibodies.
a) Group of answer choices
b) Attracting natural killer cells to destroy an infected cell.
c) Blocking the ability of a pathogen to bind to a host cell
d) Lysing a pathogen cell wall or lipid bilayer.
e) Marking a pathogen so that innate immune cells destroy the pathogen.
f) Helping complement proteins bind to a pathogen.
Chapter 32 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 32.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.2 - Why is the skin such a good first line of defense...Ch. 32.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.3 - What strategies could a Gram-negative bacterium...Ch. 32.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 32.3 - Prob. 5CC
Ch. 32.3 - Prob. 6CCCh. 32.3 - Prob. 7CCCh. 32.4 - Prob. 1MICh. 32.4 - Describe the structure and function of each of the...Ch. 32.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 32.4 - Prob. 5CCCh. 32.4 - Discuss the role of NK cells in protecting the...Ch. 32.5 - Prob. 1MICh. 32.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.5 - Injury to the spleen can lead to its removal. What...Ch. 32.5 - Describe SALT and MALT functions in innate...Ch. 32.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.7 - Prob. 1MICh. 32.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32 - Prob. 1RCCh. 32 - Prob. 2RCCh. 32 - Prob. 1ALCh. 32 - Prob. 2ALCh. 32 - Prob. 3ALCh. 32 - Prob. 4AL
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- What is the role of the immune system in the prevention and treatment of chronic wound infections, and how can understanding the interactions between the host immune response and microbial pathogens lead to the development of more effective therapeutic interventions?arrow_forwardSelect all of the following that are functions performed by different antibodies. ( select all the correct answers) Group of answer choices a) Attracting natural killer cells to destroy an infected cell. b) Blocking the ability of a pathogen to bind to a host cell c) Lysing a pathogen cell wall or lipid bilayer. d) Marking a pathogen so that innate immune cells destroy the pathogen. e) Helping complement proteins bind to a pathogen.arrow_forwardIdentify the major mechanical and chemical defenses that protect internal tissues from microbial attack.arrow_forward
- Define the sequence of events for processing and presentingantigens from both intracellular (endogenous) and extracellular(exogenous) pathogens.arrow_forward1. What phagocytic cells utilize in their membrane to identify phagocytic objects? A) Opsonin receptors B) Fc receptors C) Toll-like receptors D) All of the above E) None of the above. 2. Which is NOT a measure for fighting against viral infections? A). TNF-α B). IFN-Y C). IL-1 D). IL-4 E). All of the above promote anti-viral reactions. 3. Which could be the chain formula for IgA in the mucosa? Α). απλη Β). (μ2λ2)s C). αμκ2 D). μ2K2 E). (α2K2)2arrow_forwardName the body’s antimicrobial substances and describe their function.arrow_forward
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