Biology (MindTap Course List)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781285423586
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 32, Problem 11TYU
Test Your Understanding
11. EVOLUTION LINK Discuss the relationships among the echinoderms and chordates, describing shared derived characters that support grouping these animals as deuterostomes.
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15. On the tree below, mark the place or places that three tissue layers have evolved in
animals.
Tissue
Lineage
Layers
Porifera
N/A
Cnidaria
2.
Platyhelminthes
3.
Rotifera
3.
Annelida
3.
Mollusca
Nematoda
3
Arthropoda
Echinodermata
3.
Chordata
Is the possession of three tissue layers homologous or convergent among animals?
able 11.1. Comparison of some representative specimens of cnidarians.
Genera
Observable stage
(medusa, polyp or both)
Other distinctive characteristics
(solitary or colonial; symmetry; with or wlo deposits)
Acropora
Aurelia
Fungia
Hydra
Table 11.2. Comparison of the main body regions and appendages of arthropods.
Class
Body Regions
Attached appendages based on body regions
Diplopoda
Chilopoda
Insecta
Arachnida
XISMATER
Examine this whole mount of Branchiostoma (amphioxus)
What is the function of this notochord? What happened to this structure in fishes and other vertebrates?
Chapter 32 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 32.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 32.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 32.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 32.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 32.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 32.3 - Describe characteristics of chordates, including...Ch. 32.3 - What are four shared derived characters of...Ch. 32.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 32.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 32.4 - Prob. 4LO
Ch. 32.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 32.4 - If you found a small fishlike animal along the...Ch. 32.5 - Prob. 5LOCh. 32.5 - Prob. 6LOCh. 32.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 32.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 32.6 - Prob. 7LOCh. 32.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 32.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 32.7 - Prob. 8LOCh. 32.7 - Prob. 1CCh. 32.7 - Prob. 2CCh. 32.8 - Describe three vertebrate adaptations to...Ch. 32.8 - Prob. 10LOCh. 32.8 - Prob. 11LOCh. 32.8 - Prob. 1CCh. 32.8 - Prob. 2CCh. 32.8 - Prob. 3CCh. 32.8 - Prob. 4CCh. 32 - Test Your Understanding 1.Which of the following...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 2.Which of the following...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 3.A shark is characterized...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 4.Which of the following...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 5.Reptiles (a) are all...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 6.Which of the following...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 7.Which of the following...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 8.VISUALIZE Draw a simple...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 9.EVOLUTION LINK Sea...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 10.EVOLUTION LINK Most...Ch. 32 - Test Your Understanding 11.EVOLUTION LINK Discuss...Ch. 32 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Test Your Understanding 1.Which of the following is not a shared derived character of echinoderms? (a) water vascular system (b) notochord (c) tube feet (d) pentaradial symmetry in adult (e) endoskeleton of calcium carbonate plates and spinesarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 2.Which of the following is/are found in tunicates? (a) dorsal, tubular nerve cord (b) tube feet (c) anal gill slits (d) two pairs of appendages (e) vertebral columnarrow_forwardMembers of Chondrichfhyes are thought to be descended from fishes that had. a cartilaginous skeleton a bony skeleton mucus glands slime glandsarrow_forward
- Discuss Concepts Whentetrapods first ventured onto the land, what new selection pressures did they face? What characteristics might have fostered the success of these animals as they made the transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats?arrow_forwardConsulting the modern phylogenetic tree of animals, which of the following would not constitute a clade? deuterostomes lophotrochozoans Parazoa Bilateriaarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 4.Which of the following characteristics is/are associated with amphibians? (a) amnion (b) placoid scales (c) heart with two complete ventricles (d) swim bladder (e) metamorphosisarrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding 3.A shark is characterized by (a) amnion (b) bony skeleton (c) water vascular system (d) placoid scales (e) endothermy and amnionarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 9.EVOLUTION LINK Sea urchins have radial symmetry. Explain why they are not classified as cnidarians.arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 8.VISUALIZE Draw a simple cladogram illustrating the evolutionary relationships among extant mammals (marsupials, eutherians, and monotremes). Include the following characters in your cladogram: well-developed placenta, vivipary, endothermy, marsupium, hair.arrow_forward
- MAKE CONNECTIONS Historically, annelids and arthropods were viewed as closely related because both havebody segmentation. Yet DNA sequence data indicatethat annelids belong to one clade (Lophotrochozoa) andarthropods to another (Ecdysozoa). Could traditionaland molecular hypotheses be tested by studyingthe Hox genes that control body segmentation (seeConcept 21.6)? Explain.arrow_forwardSee attached. 1. Which pair of animals in numbers 1-3 belongs to a common ancestral group? Explain your answer.2. Fossils and anatomical records both provide pieces of evidence of evolution. How do you determine the age of fossils of an Aurorazhdarcho micronyx and an Archeopterix?arrow_forwardBriefly describe:A. cnidarian adaptations that illustrate their major evolutionary advancements past spongesB. the differences between cnidarians and ctenophores and why ctenophores are evolutionarily more advanced than cnidariansarrow_forward
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