Concept explainers
Number of electrons and quark particle in 1.00 L.

Answer to Problem 33P
Explanation of Solution
Given info:
Mass of water is 1.00 L.
The number of gram per mole of water is 18.0 g/mol.
Formula to the total number of molecules in water is,
N=mnNA
- N is the number of molecules
- m is the mass of water
- n is the number of gram per mole of water
- NA is the Avogadro number
Substitute 1.00 L for m, 6.02×1023 molecules/mol for NA and 18.0 g/mol for n to find N.
N=(1.00 L)(1000 g1 L)(18.0 g/mol)(6.02×1023 molecules/mol)=3.34×1025 molecules
Each molecule contains 10 protons, 10 electrons, and 8 neutrons.
Formula to the total number of electron in 1.00 L of water is,
Ne=neN
- N is the number of molecules
- ne is the number of electron in one molecule of water
- Ne is the total number of electron in 1.00 L of water
Substitute 3.34×1025 molecules for N and 10 electrons/molecule for ne to find Ne.
Ne=(10 electrons/molecule)(3.34×1025 molecules)=3.34×1026 electrons
Thus, the total number of electrons in 1.00 L of water is 3.34×1026 electrons.
Formula to the total number of proton in 1.00 L of water is,
Np=npN
- np is the number of proton in one molecule of water
- Np is the total number of proton in 1.00 L of water
Substitute 3.34×1025 molecules for N and 10 protons/molecule for np to find Np.
Np=(10 protons/molecule)(3.34×1025 molecules)=3.34×1026 protons
Thus, the total number of protons in 1.00 L of water is 3.34×1026 protons.
Formula to the total number of neutron in 1.00 L of water is,
Nn=nnN
- nn is the number of neutron in one molecule of water
- Nn is the total number of neutron in 1.00 L of water
Substitute 3.34×1025 molecules for N and 8 neutron/molecule for nn to find Nn.
Nn=(8 neutron/molecule)(3.34×1025 molecules)=2.68×1026 protons
Each proton contains 2 up quarks and 1 down quark. Each neutron contains 1 up quark and 2 down quarks.
Formula to the total number of up quarks in 1.00 L of water is,
Nu=2Np+Nn
- Nu is the total number of up quarks
Substitute 3.34×1026 protons for Np and 2.26×1026 neutrons for Nn to find Nu.
Nu=2(3.34×1026 protons)+(2.26×1026 neutrons)=9.36×1026 up quarks
Formula to the total number of down quarks in 1.00 L of water is,
Nd=Np+2Nn
- Nd is the total number of down quarks
Substitute 3.34×1026 protons for Np and 2.26×1026 neutrons for Nn to find Nd.
Nd=(3.34×1026 protons)+2(2.26×1026 neutrons)=8.70×1026 up quarks
Thus, the total number of electrons in 1.00 L of water is 3.34×1026 electrons.
Conclusion:
There are 3.34×1026 electrons, 9.36×1026 up quarks and 8.70×1026 down quarks.
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Chapter 30 Solutions
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