Physics
Physics
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259233616
Author: GIAMBATTISTA
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 3, Problem 91P

(a)

To determine

The distance and the direction in which H should travel to return to his starting point.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 91P

H should travel 6.33 km at 29.6° north of east to return to his starting point.

Explanation of Solution

The travel of H is sketched in figure 1.

Physics, Chapter 3, Problem 91P

Compute the displacement using the component method.

Write the equation for displacement in x direction.

Δx=x1+x2+x3 (I)

Here, Δx is the net displacement in x direction and x1,x2,x3 are the x components of his successive displacements

Refer to figure 1 and write the values of x components of different displacements.

x1=2.00 kmx2=(5.00 km)cos233°x3=(1.00 km)cos120°

Put the value of x1,x2,x3 in equation (I) to find Δx .

Δx=2.00 km+(5.00 km)cos233°+(1.00 km)cos120°

Write the equation for displacement in y direction.

Δy=y1+y2+y3 (II)

Here, Δy is the net displacement in y direction and y1,y2,y3 are the y components of his successive displacements

Refer to figure 1 and write the values of y components of different displacements.

y1=0y2=(5.00 km)sin233°y3=(1.00 km)sin120°

Put the value of y1,y2,y3 in equation (II) to find Δy .

Δy=0+(5.00 km)sin233°+(1.00 km)sin120°=(5.00 km)sin233°+(1.00 km)sin120°

Write the equation for the magnitude of the net displacement.

Δr=(Δx)2+(Δy)2 (III)

Here, Δr is the magnitude of the net displacement

Write the equation for the direction of net displacement.

θ=tan1ΔyΔx (IV)

Conclusion:

Substitute 2.00 km+(5.00 km)cos233°+(1.00 km)cos120° for Δx and (5.00 km)sin233°+(1.00 km)sin120° for Δy in equation (III) to find Δr .

Δr=(2.00 km+(5.00 km)cos233°+(1.00 km)cos120°)2+((5.00 km)sin233°+(1.00 km)sin120°)2=6.33 km

Substitute (5.00 km)sin233°+(1.00 km)sin120° for Δy and 2.00 km+(5.00 km)cos233°+(1.00 km)cos120° for Δx in equation (IV) to find θ .

θ=tan1(5.00 km)sin233°+(1.00 km)sin120°2.00 km+(5.00 km)cos233°+(1.00 km)cos120°=29.6°

Both the components are negative so that 180° must be added to the value of θ .

θ=29.6°+180°=209.6°=29.6° below the x axis=29.6° south of west

H must travel in the opposite direction to return to his starting point.

Therefore, H should travel 6.33 km at 29.6° north of east to return to his starting point.

(b)

To determine

The time taken for the trip of H if he returns directly to his return point with a speed of 5.00 m/s .

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 91P

The time taken for the trip of H if he returns directly to his return point with a speed of 5.00 m/s is 21.1 min .

Explanation of Solution

Write the equation for the time taken.

Δt=Δrv (V)

Here, Δt is the time taken for the motion and v is the speed of H

Conclusion:

Substitute 6.33 km for Δr and 5.00 m/s for v in equation (V) to find Δt .

Δt=6.33 km(1000 m1 km)5.00 m/s=6.33×103 m5.00 m/s=1266 s(1 min60 s)=21.1 min

Therefore, the time taken for the trip of H if he returns directly to his return point with a speed of 5.00 m/s is 21.1 min .

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