Applied Fluid Mechanics (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780132558921
Author: Robert L. Mott, Joseph A. Untener
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.4PP
Define atmospheric pressure
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Problem 2 (55 pts). We now consider the FEM solution of Problem 1.(a) [5pts] Briefly describe the 4 steps necessary to obtain the approximate solution of thatBVP using the Galerkin FEM. Use the minimum amount of math necessary to supportyour explanations.(b) [20pts] Derive the weak form of the BVP.(c) [10pts] Assuming a mesh of two equal elements and linear shape functions, sketch byhand how you expect the FEM solution to look like. Also sketch the analytical solutionfor comparison. In your sketch, identify the nodal degrees of freedom that the FEMsolution seeks to find.(d) [10pts] By analogy with the elastic rod problem and heat conduction problem considered in class, write down the stiffness matrix and force vector for each of the twoelements considered in (c).(e) [10pts] Assemble the global system of equations, and verbally explain how to solve it.
An aluminum rod of length L = 1m has mass density ρ = 2700 kgm3 andYoung’s modulus E = 70GPa. The rod is fixed at both ends. The exactnatural eigenfrequencies of the rod are ωexactn =πnLqEρfor n=1,2,3,. . . .1. What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary todetermine the fundamental frequency ω1 of the system? Discretizethe rod in that many elements of equal length, assemble the globalsystem of equations KU = ω2MU, and find the fundamentalfrequency ω1. Compute the relative error e1 = (ω1 − ωexact1)/ωexact1.Sketch the fundamental mode of vibration.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Applied Fluid Mechanics (7th Edition)
Ch. 3 - Write the expression for computing the pressure in...Ch. 3 - Define absolute pressureCh. 3 - Define gage pressureCh. 3 - Define atmospheric pressureCh. 3 - Write the expression relating gage pressure,...Ch. 3 - State whether statements 3.6-3.10 are (or can be)...Ch. 3 - State whether statements 3.6-3.10 are (or can be)...Ch. 3 - State whether statements 3.6-3.10 are (or can be)...Ch. 3 - State whether statements 3.6-3.10 are (or can be)...Ch. 3 - State whether statements 3.6-3.10 are (or can be)...
Ch. 3 - State whether statements 3.6-3.10 are (or can be)...Ch. 3 - State whether statements 3.6-3.10 are (or can be)...Ch. 3 - State whether statements 3.6-3.10 are (or can be)...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - Problems 3.14-3.33 require that you convert the...Ch. 3 - If milk has a specific gravity of 1.08, what is...Ch. 3 - The pressure in an unknown fluid at a depth of 4.0...Ch. 3 - The pressure at the bottom of a tank of propyl...Ch. 3 - When you dive to a depth of 12.50 ft in seawater,...Ch. 3 - A water storage tank is on the roof of a factory...Ch. 3 - An open tank contains ethylene glycol at 25C....Ch. 3 - For the tank of ethylene glycol described in...Ch. 3 - Figure 3.19 shows a diagram of the hydraulic...Ch. 3 - Figure 3.20 shows a clothes washing machine The...Ch. 3 - An airplane is flying at 10.6km altitude. In its...Ch. 3 - For the tank shown in Fig. 3.21, determine the...Ch. 3 - For the tank shown in Fig. 3.21, determine the...Ch. 3 - For the tank shown in Fig. 3.21. determine the...Ch. 3 - For the tank shown in Fig. 3.21 determine the...Ch. 3 - For the tank in Fig. 3.22, compute the depth of...Ch. 3 - For the tank in Fig. 3.22, compute the depth of...Ch. 3 - Figure 3.22 represents an oil storage drum that is...Ch. 3 - A storage tank for sulfuric acid is 1.5m in...Ch. 3 - A storage drum for crude oil ( sg=0.89 ) is 32 ft...Ch. 3 - The greatest known depth in the ocean is...Ch. 3 - Figure 3.23 shows a closed tank that contains...Ch. 3 - Figure 3.24 shows a closed container holding water...Ch. 3 - Determine the pressure at the bottom of the tank...Ch. 3 - Describe a simple J-tube manometerCh. 3 - Describe a differential U-tube manometer.Ch. 3 - Describe a well-type manometer.Ch. 3 - Describe an inclined well-type manometer.Ch. 3 - Describe a compound manometer.Ch. 3 - Water is in the pipe shown in Fig. 3.26Calculate...Ch. 3 - For the differential manometer shown in Fig. 3.27,...Ch. 3 - For the manometer shown in Fig. 3.28, calculate...Ch. 3 - For the manometer shown in Fig. 3.29, calculate...Ch. 3 - For the manometer shown in Fig. 3.30, calculate...Ch. 3 - For the compound manometer shown in Fig.3.31,...Ch. 3 - For the compound differential manometer in...Ch. 3 - Figure 3.33 shows a manometer being used to...Ch. 3 - For the well-type manometer in Fig. 3.34,...Ch. 3 - Figure 3.35 shows an inclined well-type manometer...Ch. 3 - a. Determine the gage pressure at point A in Fig....Ch. 3 - What is the function of a barometer?Ch. 3 - Describe the construction of a barometer.Ch. 3 - Why is mercury a convenient fluid to use in a...Ch. 3 - If water were to be used instead of mercury in a...Ch. 3 - What is the barometric pressure reading in inches...Ch. 3 - What is the barometric pressure reading in...Ch. 3 - Why must a barometric pressure reading be...Ch. 3 - By how much would the barometric pressure reading...Ch. 3 - Denver, Colorado, is called the "Mile-High City"...Ch. 3 - The barometric pressure is reported to be 28.6 in...Ch. 3 - A barometer indicates the atmospheric pressure to...Ch. 3 - What would be the reading of a barometer in inches...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.85PPCh. 3 - The pressure in a heating duct is measured to be...Ch. 3 - The pressure in a ventilation duct at the inlet to...Ch. 3 - The pressure in an air conditioning duct is...Ch. 3 - The pressure in a compressed natural gas line is...Ch. 3 - The pressure in a vacuum chamber is 68.2 kPa....Ch. 3 - The pressure in a vacuum chamber is 12.6 psig....Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.92PPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.93PPCh. 3 - A passive solar water heater is to be installed on...Ch. 3 - The elevated tank similar to the one shown in Fig....Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.96PPCh. 3 - A concrete form used to pour a basement wall is to...Ch. 3 - An environmental instrumentation package is to be...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.99PPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.100PPCh. 3 - A meteorologist reports a "high pressure system"...Ch. 3 - What is the pressure, in psig, at the bottom of a...Ch. 3 - If air has a constant specific weight of...
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- Problem 1 (65 pts, suggested time 50 mins). An elastic string of constant line tension1T is pinned at x = 0 and x = L. A constant distributed vertical force per unit length p(with units N/m) is applied to the string. Under this force, the string deflects by an amountv(x) from its undeformed (horizontal) state, as shown in the figure below.The PDE describing mechanical equilibrium for the string isddx Tdvdx− p = 0 . (1)(a) [5pts] Identify the BCs for the string and identify their type (essential/natural). Writedown the strong-form BVP for the string, including PDE and BCs.(b) [10pts] Find the analytical solution of the BVP in (a). Compute the exact deflectionof the midpoint v(L/2).(c) [15pts] Derive the weak-form BVP.(d) [5pts] What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary to compute the deflection of the midpoint?(e) [15pts] Write down the element stiffness matrix and the element force vector for eachelement.arrow_forwardProblem 1 (35 pts). An elastic string of constant line tension1 T is pinned at x = 0 andx = L. A constant distributed vertical force per unit length p (with units N/m) is appliedto the string. Under this force, the string deflects by an amount v(x) from its undeformed(horizontal) state, as shown in the figure below.Force equilibrium in the string requires thatdfdx − p = 0 , (1)where f(x) is the internal vertical force in the string, which is given byf = Tdvdx . (2)(a) [10pts] Write down the BVP (strong form) that the string deflection v(x) must satisfy.(b) [2pts] What order is the governing PDE in the BVP of (a)?(c) [3pts] Identify the type (essential/natural) of each boundary condition in (a).(d) [20pts] Find the analytical solution of the BVP in (a).arrow_forwardProblem 2 (25 pts, (suggested time 15 mins). An elastic string of line tension T andmass per unit length µ is pinned at x = 0 and x = L. The string is free to vibrate, and itsfirst vibration mode is shown below.In order to find the frequency of the first mode (or fundamental frequency), the string isdiscretized into a certain number of linear elements. The stiffness and mass matrices of thei-th element are, respectivelyESMi =TLi1 −1−1 1 EMMi =Liµ62 11 2 . (2)(a) [5pts] What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary to compute the fundamental frequency of the vibrating string?(b) [20pts] Assemble the global eigenvalue problem and find the fundamental frequency ofvibration of the stringarrow_forward
- I need part all parts please in detail (including f)arrow_forwardProblem 3 (10 pts, suggested time 5 mins). In class we considered the mutiphysics problem of thermal stresses in a rod. When using linear shape functions, we found that the stress in the rod is affected by unphysical oscillations like in the following plot E*(ux-a*T) 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 -5000 -10000 0 Line Graph: E*(ux-a*T) MULT 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Arc length (a) [10pts] What is the origin of this issue and how can we fix it?arrow_forwardanswer the questions and explain all of it in words. Ignore where it says screencast and in class explanationarrow_forward
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