General Chemistry
General Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073402758
Author: Chang, Raymond/ Goldsby
Publisher: McGraw-Hill College
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.36QP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: By using percent composition by mass concept the identification of unknown compound has to be explained.

Concept introduction: Percent composition by mass of each element present in a compound is known as the compound’s percent composition by mass.

Percentbymassofanelement=n×atomicmassofelementmolecularorformulamassofcompound×100%Wherenisthenumberofatomsoftheelementinamoleculeorformulaunitofthecompound

To explain: The identification of unknown compound by using percent composition by mass concept.

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Explanation of Solution

Percent composition by mass: percent composition by mass of each element present in a compound is known as the compound’s percent composition by mass. The formula is expressed mathematically as follows

Percentbymassofanelement=n×atomicmassofelementmolecularorformulamassofcompound×100%Wherenisthenumberofatomsoftheelementinamoleculeorformulaunitofthecompound Percent composition is fixed for each pure substance. So, with the help of this fixed value we can calculate the formula of unknown compound.

For example,

Thepercentbymassof%H=5.926%Thepercentbymassof%O=94.06 %Molecular massofunknowncompound=34.02amu

With the help of above details we can easily identify the unknown compound. The molecular formula of the unknown compound is calculated as follows:

Percentbymassofanelement=n×atomicmassofelementmolecularorformulamassofcompound×100%Wherenisthenumberofatomsoftheelementinamoleculeorformulaunitofthecompoundwe have to find the "n'' value for bothHandOatoms

The number of hydrogen atoms present in the unknown molecule is calculated as follows:

percentbymassofH=n×atomicmassofHinamumolecularmassofunknowncompound5.926%=n×1.000794amu34.02amu×1005.926×34.02=n×1.00794×100n=5.926×34.021.00794×100

n=201.60252100.794n=2.0001

The number of hydrogen atoms present ion unknown compound is 2.

The number of oxygen atoms present in unknown the molecule is calculated as follows:

percentbymassofO=n×atomicmassofOinamumolecular massofunknowncompound94.06%=n×15.9994amu34.02amu×10094.06×34.02=n×15.9994×100n=94.06×34.0215.9994×100

n=3199.92121599.94n=2.00000

The number of oxygen atoms present ion unknown compound is 2.

Molecular formula of the unknown compound isH2O2

Conclusion

The identification of unknown compound was explained by percent composition by mass concept.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

General Chemistry

Ch. 3.4 - Review of Concepts Explain how the mass...Ch. 3.5 - Practice Exercise Calculate the percent...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 2PECh. 3.5 - Practice Exercise Calculate the number of grams of...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 1RCCh. 3.6 - Practice Exercise A sample of a compound...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 1RCCh. 3.7 - Prob. 1PECh. 3.7 - Prob. 1RCCh. 3.8 - Prob. 1PECh. 3.8 - Prob. 2PECh. 3.8 - Prob. 1RCCh. 3.9 - Prob. 1PECh. 3.9 - Consider the following reaction: Starting with...Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 1PECh. 3.10 - Can the percent yield ever exceed the theoretical...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.1QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.2QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5QPCh. 3 - 3.6 The atomic masses of and are 6.0151 amu and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.7QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.8QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.9QPCh. 3 - 3.10 What is the molar mass of an atom? What are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.11QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.12QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.13QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.14QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.15QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.16QPCh. 3 - 3.17 What is the mass in grams of a single atom of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.18QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.19QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.20QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.21QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.22QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.23QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.24QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.25QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.26QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.27QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.28QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.29QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.30QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.31QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.32QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.33QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.34QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.35QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.36QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.37QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.38QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.39QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.40QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.41QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.42QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.43QPCh. 3 - 3.44 Peroxyacylnitrate (PAN) is one of the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.45QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.46QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.47QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.48QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.49QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.50QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.51QPCh. 3 - 3.52 The empirical formula of a compound is CH. If...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.53QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.54QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.55QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.56QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.57QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.58QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.59QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.60QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.61QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.62QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.63QPCh. 3 - 3.64 Which of the following equations best...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.65QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.66QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.67QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.68QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.69QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.70QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.71QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.72QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.73QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.74QPCh. 3 - 3.75 Limestone (CaCO3) is decomposed by heating to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.76QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.77QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.78QPCh. 3 - 3.79 Define limiting reagent and excess reagent....Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.80QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.81QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.82QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.83QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.84QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.85QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.86QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.87QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.88QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.89QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.90QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.91QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.92QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.93QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.94QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.95QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.96QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.97QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.98QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.99QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.100QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.101QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.102QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.103QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.104QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.105QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.106QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.107QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.108QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.110QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.111QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.112QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.113QPCh. 3 - 3.114 In the total synthesis of a natural product,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.115QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.116SPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.117SPCh. 3 - 3.118 A certain metal M forms a bromide containing...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.119SPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.120SP
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