Chapter 3, Problem 3.30E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The abbreviated electronic configuration for arsenic is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are $7$ periods and $18$ groups in modern periodic table.

Answer to Problem 3.30E

The abbreviated electronic configuration for arsenic is $\left[\text{Ar}\right]4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^3$ respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Electronic configuration tells about the arrangement of the electrons in each subshell and orbit of an atom. The abbreviated electronic configuration is the simplified representation of electrons in the valence shell by using noble gas symbols. This form is also known as noble gas configuration.

The atomic number of arsenic is $33$ and its electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^3$. The number of electrons present in the inner shells of arsenic that is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^6$ represents the electronic configuration of argon. Therefore, the symbol of argon $\left[\text{Ar}\right]$ is used to represent the number of electrons present in the inner shells of arsenic. Hence, the abbreviated electronic configuration for arsenic is $\left[\text{Ar}\right]4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^3$.

Conclusion

The abbreviated electronic configuration for arsenic is $\left[\text{Ar}\right]4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^3$ respectively.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The abbreviated electronic configuration for an element that contains $25$ electrons is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are $7$ periods and $18$ groups in modern periodic table.

Answer to Problem 3.30E

The abbreviated electronic configuration for an element that contains $25$ electrons is $\left[\text{Ar}\right]4s^{2}3d^5$ respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Electronic configuration tells about the arrangement of the electrons in each subshell and each orbit of an atom. The abbreviated electronic configuration is the simplified representation of electrons in the valence shell by using noble gas symbols. This form is also known as noble gas configuration.

The element contains $25$ electrons. Thus, the atomic number of an element is $25$ that is manganese. The electronic configuration of manganese is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^5$. The number of electrons present in the inner shells of manganese that is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^6$ represents the electronic configuration of argon. Therefore, the symbol of argon $\left[\text{Ar}\right]$ is used to represent the number of electrons present in the inner shells of manganese. Hence, the abbreviated electronic configuration for manganese is $\left[\text{Ar}\right]4s^{2}3d^5$.

Conclusion

The abbreviated electronic configuration for an element that contains $25$ electrons is $\left[\text{Ar}\right]4s^{2}3d^5$ respectively.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The abbreviated electronic configuration for silicon is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are $7$ periods and $18$ groups in modern periodic table.

Answer to Problem 3.30E

The abbreviated electronic configuration for silicon is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3s^{2}3p^2$ respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Electronic configuration tells about the arrangement of the electrons in each subshell and orbit of an atom. The abbreviated electronic configuration is the simplified representation of electrons in the valence shell by using noble gas symbols. This form is also known as noble gas configuration.

The atomic number of silicon is $14$. The electronic configuration of silicon is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^2$. The number of electrons present in the inner shells of silicon that is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^6$ represents the electronic configuration of neon. Therefore, the symbol of neon $\left[\text{Ne}\right]$ is used to represent the number of electrons present in the inner shells of silicon. Hence, the abbreviated electronic configuration for silicon is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3s^{2}3p^2$.

Conclusion

The abbreviated electronic configuration for silicon is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3s^{2}3p^2$ respectively.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The abbreviated electronic configuration for an element number $53$ is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are $7$ periods and $18$ groups in modern periodic table.

Answer to Problem 3.30E

The abbreviated electronic configuration for an element number $53$ is $\left[\text{Kr}\right]5s^{2}4d^{10}5p^5$ respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Electronic configuration tells about the arrangement of the electrons in each subshell and each orbit of an atom. The abbreviated electronic configuration is the simplified representation of electrons in the valence shell by using noble gas symbols. This form is also known as noble gas configuration.

Iodine is an element whose atomic number is $53$. The electronic configuration of iodine is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^{6}5s^{2}4d^{10}5p^5$. The number of electrons present in the inner shells of iodine that is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^6$ represents the electronic configuration of krypton. Therefore, the symbol of krypton $\left[\text{Kr}\right]$ is used to represent the number of electrons present in the inner shells of iodine. Hence, the abbreviated electronic configuration for iodine is $\left[\text{Kr}\right]5s^{2}4d^{10}5p^5$.

Conclusion

The abbreviated electronic configuration for an element number $53$ is $\left[\text{Kr}\right]5s^{2}4d^{10}5p^5$ respectively.