EBK FIRST COURSE IN PROBABILITY, A
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780134753683
Author: Ross
Publisher: VST
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 3.17STPE
For the k-out-of-n system described in Problem 3.71, assume that each component independently works with
a.
b.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Suppose that Albert and Leo are in a contract dispute. Leo has
breached their contract and this has resulted in damages of
amount x to Albert. They can negotiate a settlement before they
go to trial. If they settle, they divide the gain in total surplus from
settling equally. Going to court costs each 1000 (and they are in
the "American" system).
Suppose that Albert anticipates that the court will find x to be 0
with probability and 20,000 with probability 4. Further,
suppose that Leo anticipates that the court will find x to be O
with probability ½ and 20,000 with probability %. Assume both
Albert and Leo are risk neutral and motivated by their expected
payoffs.
Part A: Will Albert and Leo settle? If so, what is the outcome? If
not, explain why.
Part B: Suppose now that Albert believes the court will find x to
be 0 with probability 1. Leo anticipates that the court will find x
to be 0 with probability % and 20,000 with probability %. If
Albert anticipates there is scope for settlement…
Suppose the entire cola industry produces only two colas. Given that a person
last purchased cola 1, there a 70% chance that her next purchase will be cola 1. Given that a person
last purchased cola 2, there is an 75% chance that her next purchase will be cola 2. Suppose that each
customer makes one purchase of cola during any week (52 weeks=1 year). Suppose there are 150 million
customers. One selling unit of cola costs the company $0.5 to produce and is sold for $2. For $200 million
per year, Britney Spears (by an advertising song) guarantees to decrease from 30% to 15% the fraction
of cola 1 customers who switch to cola 2 after a purchase. Should the company that makes cola 1 hire
Britney Spears?
According to KRomenx, Snell, and Thompson, 2 the Land of Oz is blessed by many things, but not by good
weather. They never have two nice days in a row. If they have a nice day, they are just as likely to have snow
as rain the next day. If they have snow or rain, they have an even chance of having the same the next day. If
there is change from snow or rain, only half of the time is this a change to a nice day.
DRAW TRANSITION GRAPH AND PROBABLOLITY MATRIX
Chapter 3 Solutions
EBK FIRST COURSE IN PROBABILITY, A
Ch. 3 - Two fair dice are rolled. What is the conditional...Ch. 3 - If two fair dice are rolled, what is the...Ch. 3 - Use Equation (2.1) to compute in a hand of bridge...Ch. 3 - What is the probability that at least one of a...Ch. 3 - An urn contains 6 white and 9 black balls. If 4...Ch. 3 - Consider an urn containing 12 balls, of which 8...Ch. 3 - The king comes from a family of 2 children. What...Ch. 3 - A couple has 2 children. What is the probability...Ch. 3 - Consider 3 urns. Urn A contains 2 white and 4 red...Ch. 3 - Three cards are randomly selected, without...
Ch. 3 - Two cards are randomly chosen without replacement...Ch. 3 - Suppose distinct values are written on each of 3...Ch. 3 - A recent college graduate is planning to take the...Ch. 3 - Suppose that an ordinary deck of 52 cards (which...Ch. 3 - An urn initially contains 5 white and 7 black...Ch. 3 - An ectopic pregnancy is twice as likely to develop...Ch. 3 - Ninety-eight percent of all babies survive...Ch. 3 - In a certain community, 36 percent of the families...Ch. 3 - A total of 46 percent of the voters in a certain...Ch. 3 - A total of 4.8 percent of the women and 37 percent...Ch. 3 - Fifty-two percent of the students at a certain...Ch. 3 - A total of 500 married working couples were polled...Ch. 3 - A red die, a blue die, and a yellow die (all six...Ch. 3 - Urn I contains 2 white and 4 red balls, whereas...Ch. 3 - Twenty percent of Bs phone calls are with her...Ch. 3 - Each of 2 balls is painted either black or gold...Ch. 3 - The following method was proposed to estimate the...Ch. 3 - Suppose that 5 percent of men and 0.25 percent of...Ch. 3 - All the workers at a certain company drive to work...Ch. 3 - Suppose that an ordinary deck of 52 cards is...Ch. 3 - There are 15 tennis balls in a box, of which 9...Ch. 3 - Consider two boxes, one containing 1 black and 1...Ch. 3 - Ms. Aquina has just had a biopsy on a possibly...Ch. 3 - A family has j children with probability pj, where...Ch. 3 - On rainy days, Joe is late to work with...Ch. 3 - In Example 31, suppose that the new evidence is...Ch. 3 - With probability .6, the present was hidden by...Ch. 3 - Stores A, B, and C have 50, 75, and 100 employees,...Ch. 3 - a. A gambler has a fair coin and a two-headed coin...Ch. 3 - Urn A has 5 white and 7 black balls. Urn B has 3...Ch. 3 - In Example 3a, what is the probability that...Ch. 3 - Consider a sample of size 3 drawn in the following...Ch. 3 - A deck of cards is shuffled and then divided into...Ch. 3 - Twelve percent of all U.S. households are In...Ch. 3 - There are 3 coins in a box. One is a two-headed...Ch. 3 - Three prisoners are informed by their jailer that...Ch. 3 - There is a 30 percent chance that A can fix her...Ch. 3 - In any given year, a male automobile policyholder...Ch. 3 - An urn contains 5 white and 10 black balls. A fair...Ch. 3 - Each of 2 cabinets identical n appearance has 2...Ch. 3 - Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer...Ch. 3 - Suppose that an insurance company classifies...Ch. 3 - A worker has asked her supervisor for a letter of...Ch. 3 - Players A, B, C, D are randomly lined up. The...Ch. 3 - Players 1,2,3 are playing a tournament. Two of...Ch. 3 - Suppose there are two coins, with coin 1 landing...Ch. 3 - In a 7 game series played with two teams, the...Ch. 3 - A parallel system functions whenever at least one...Ch. 3 - If you had to construct a mathematical model for...Ch. 3 - In a class, there are 4 first-year boys, 6...Ch. 3 - Suppose that you continually collect coupons and...Ch. 3 - A simplified model for the movement of the price...Ch. 3 - Suppose that we want to generate the outcome of...Ch. 3 - Independent flips of a coin that lands on heads...Ch. 3 - The color of a persons eyes is determined by a...Ch. 3 - Genes relating to albinism are denoted by A and a....Ch. 3 - Barbara and Dianne go target shooting Suppose that...Ch. 3 - A and B are involved in a duel. The rules of the...Ch. 3 - Assume, as in Example 3h, that 64 percent of twins...Ch. 3 - The probability of the closing of the ith relay in...Ch. 3 - An engineering system consisting of n components...Ch. 3 - In Problem 3.70a, find the conditional probability...Ch. 3 - A certain organism possesses a pair of each of 5...Ch. 3 - There is a 50—50 chance that the queen carries...Ch. 3 - A town council of 7 members contains a steering...Ch. 3 - Suppose that each child born to a couple is...Ch. 3 - A and B alternate rolling a pair of dice, stopping...Ch. 3 - In a certain village, it is traditional for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.79PCh. 3 - Consider an unending sequence of independent...Ch. 3 - A and B play a series of games. Each game is...Ch. 3 - In successive rolls of a pair of fair dice, what...Ch. 3 - In a certain contest, the players are of equal...Ch. 3 - An investor owns shares in a stock whose present...Ch. 3 - A and B flip coins. A starts and continues...Ch. 3 - Die A has 4 red and 2 white faces, whereas die B...Ch. 3 - An urn contains 12 balls, of which 4 are white....Ch. 3 - Repeat Problem 3.87 when each of the 3 players...Ch. 3 - Let S={1,2,...,n} and suppose that A and B are,...Ch. 3 - Consider an eight team tournament with the format...Ch. 3 - Consider Example 2a, but now suppose that when the...Ch. 3 - In Example 5, what is the conditional probability...Ch. 3 - In Laplace s rule of succession (Example 5e ), are...Ch. 3 - A person tried by a 3-judge panel is declared...Ch. 3 - Each of n workers is independently qualified to do...Ch. 3 - Suppose in the preceding problem that n=2 and that...Ch. 3 - Each member of a population of size n is,...Ch. 3 - Show that if P(A)0, then P(ABA)P(ABAB)Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2TECh. 3 - Consider a school community of m families, with ni...Ch. 3 - A ball is in any one of n boxes and is in the ith...Ch. 3 - a. Prove that if E and F are mutually exclusive,...Ch. 3 - Prove that if E1,E2,...,En are independent events,...Ch. 3 - a. An urn contains n white and m black balls. The...Ch. 3 - Let A, B, and C, be events relating to the...Ch. 3 - Consider two independent tosses of a fair coin....Ch. 3 - Two percent of women age 45 who participate in...Ch. 3 - In each of n independent tosses of a coin, the...Ch. 3 - Show that 0ai1,i=1,2,..., then...Ch. 3 - The probability of getting a head on a single toss...Ch. 3 - Suppose that you are gambling against an...Ch. 3 - Independent trials that result in a success with...Ch. 3 - Independent trials that result in a success with...Ch. 3 - Suppose that n independent trials are performed,...Ch. 3 - Let Q. denote the probability that no run of 3...Ch. 3 - Consider the gamblers ruin problem, with the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.20TECh. 3 - The Ballot Problem. In an election, candidate A...Ch. 3 - As a simplified model for weather forecasting,...Ch. 3 - A bag contains a white and b black balls. Balls...Ch. 3 - A round-robin tournament of n contestants is a...Ch. 3 - Prove directly thatP(EF)=P(EFG)P(GF)+P(EFGC)P(GCF)Ch. 3 - Prove the equivalence of Equations (5.11) and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27TECh. 3 - Prove or give a counterexample, if E1 and E2 are...Ch. 3 - In Laplaces rule of succession (Example 5e ), show...Ch. 3 - In Laplaces rule of succession (Example 5e),...Ch. 3 - Suppose that a nonmathematical, but...Ch. 3 - In a game of bridge, West has no aces What is the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2STPECh. 3 - How can 20 balls, 10 white and 10 black, be put...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.4STPECh. 3 - An urn has r red and w white balls that are...Ch. 3 - An urn contains b black balls and r red balls. One...Ch. 3 - A friend randomly chooses two cards, without...Ch. 3 - Show that P(HE)P(GE)=P(H)P(G)P(EH)P(EG). Suppose...Ch. 3 - You ask your neighbor to water a sickly plant...Ch. 3 - Six balls are to be randomly chosen from an urn...Ch. 3 - A type C battery is in working condition with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.12STPECh. 3 - Balls are randomly removed from an urn that...Ch. 3 - A coin having probability .8 of landing on heads...Ch. 3 - In a certain species of rats, black dominates over...Ch. 3 - a. In Problem 3.70b, find the probability that a...Ch. 3 - For the k-out-of-n system described in Problem...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.18STPECh. 3 - Prob. 3.19STPECh. 3 - Suppose that there are n possible outcomes of a...Ch. 3 - If A flips vand B flips n fair coins, show that...Ch. 3 - Prove or give counterexamples to the following...Ch. 3 - Let A and B be events having positive probability....Ch. 3 - Rank the following from most likely to least...Ch. 3 - Two local factories, A and B, produce radios. Each...Ch. 3 - Show that if P(AB)=1, then P(BCAC)=1Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27STPECh. 3 - A total of 2n cards, of which 2 are aces, are to...Ch. 3 - There are n distinct types of coupons, and each...Ch. 3 - Show that for any events E and F,P(EEF)P(EF) Hint:...Ch. 3 - a. If the odds of A is 23, what is the probability...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.32STPECh. 3 - If the events E, F, G are independent. show that...Ch. 3 - Players 1,2,3, are in a contest. Two of them are...Ch. 3 - If 4 balls are randomly chosen from an urn...Ch. 3 - In a 4 player tournament, player 1 plays player 2,...Ch. 3 - In a tournament Involving players 1,..., n,...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, probability and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 2. Suppose that in Example 2.27, 400 units of food A, 500 units of B, and 600 units of C are placed in the test tube each day and the data on daily food consumption by the bacteria (in units per day) are as shown in Table 2.7. How many bacteria of each strain can coexist in the test tube and consume all of the food? Table 2.7 Bacteria Strain I Bacteria Strain II Bacteria Strain III Food A 1 2 0 Food B 2 1 3 Food C 1 1 1arrow_forwardSuppose a company charges a premium of $150 per year for an insurance policy for storm damage to roofs. Actuarial studies show that in case of a storm, the insurance company will pay out an average of $8000 for damage to a composition shingle roof and an average of $12,000 for damage to a shake roof. They also determine that out of every 10,000 policies, there are 7 claims per year made on composition shingle roofs and 11 claims per year made on shake roofs. What is the company’s expected value (i.e., expected profit) per year of a storm insurance policy? What annual profit can the company expect if it issues 1000 such policies? Determine the probability of a composition shingle roof claim out of 10,000 = ______ Determine the probability of a shake roof claim out of 10,000 = ______ How many claims are made out of 10,000? = _______ What is the probability of no claims out of 10,000? = _______ How much does each shingle roof claim cost the company, don’t forget each person pays $150…arrow_forwardIn a classic study of problem solving, Duncker (1945) asked participants to mount a candle on a wall in an upright position so that it would burn normally. One group was given a candle, a book of matches, and a box of tacks. A second group was given the same items, except that the tacks and the box were presented separately as two distinct items. The solution to this problem involves using the tacks to mount the box on the wall, creating a shelf for the candle. Duncker reasoned that the first group of participants would have trouble seeing a new function for the box (a shelf) because it was already serving a function (holding tacks). For each participant, the amount of time to solve the problem was recorded. Data similar to Duncker’s are as follows. Time to Solve Problem (in sec.) Box of Tacks Tacks and Box Separate 128 42 160…arrow_forward
- Three balanced coins are tossed independently. One of the variables of interest is Y₁, the number of heads. Let Y₂ denote the amount of money won on a side bet in the following manner. If the first head occurs on the first toss, you win $1. If the first head occurs on toss 2 or on toss 3 you win $2 or $3, respectively. If no heads appear, you lose $1 (that is, win -$1). a Find the joint probability function for Y₁ and Y2. b What is the probability that fewer than three heads will occur and you will win $1 or less? [That is, find F(2, 1).]arrow_forward1. Consider the gambler's ruin problem. Alice starts with £a; her opponent Bob starts with £(ma). In each round, Alice wins £1 from Bob with probability p, or loses £1 to Bob with probability q = 1 - p. Alice ruins if she is reduced to £0; Bob ruins if he is reduced to £0, which means Alice would have £m. Let X denote the amount of money in pounds that Alice has after n rounds. Consider the stochastic process (Xn). pri+1riqri-1 = 0 for i = 1, 2,..., m — 1, ra pm - pa pm-1' Bob gives Alice the opportunity to instead play a different game where the winnings or losses are just 50p per round, still with the same probabilities p and q. For what values of p should Alice prefer to pay this new game? Рarrow_forward1. Consider the gambler's ruin problem. Alice starts with £a; her opponent Bob starts with £(ma). In each round, Alice wins £1 from Bob with probability p, or loses £1 to Bob with probability q = 1 - p. Alice ruins if she is reduced to £0; Bob ruins if he is reduced to £0, which means Alice would have £m. Let X denote the amount of money in pounds that Alice has after n rounds. Consider the stochastic process (✗n). pri+1ri+gri-1 = 0 for i = 1, 2,..., m — 1, Assuming p, solve the linear difference equation in part (c), to show that the ruin probability is pm - pa ra pm 1 ' where you should identify p in terms of p and q.arrow_forward
- A risk averse individual faces uncertainty with two outcomes: good, bad. Theindividual has income $1260 at good and $840 at bad outcome. The probability of good outcome is 5/7 (so the probability of bad outcome is 1 – 5/7 = 2/7). The individual can buy any nonnegative x units of insurance. Every unit of insurance has price $p and it pays $1 in the event of bad outcome. In this insurance market, the unit price of insurance is known to be p = 2/3. (a)Suppose the individual buys x units of insurance. Determine the individual's net income under good income, net income under bad income and the average net income. Draw these three in a diagram as functions of x. (b) For the individual: (i) compare full insurance with over insurance and (ii) compare full insurance with partial insurance. Then determine best choice of insurance for the individual.arrow_forwardConsider the following system with five components. It operates only if there is a path of functional components from left to the right. The probability that each device functions is as shown. What is the probability that the circuit operates? Assume independence. A. 0.84 B. 0.16 C. 0.035 D. 0.50 E. none of the precedingarrow_forwardI'm mainly struggling to understand part Carrow_forward
- In a certain four-engine vintage aircraft, now quite unreliable, each engine has a 25% chance of failure on any flight, as long as it is carrying its one-fourth share of the load. But if one engine fails, then the chance of failure increases to 30% for each of the other three engines. And if a second engine fails, each of the remaining two has a 50% chance of failure. Assuming that no two engines ever fail simultaneously, and that the aircraft can continue flying with as few as two operating engines, find the probability of exactly one engine failurearrow_forwardIn a certain four-engine vintage aircraft, now quite unreliable, each engine has a 15% chance of failure on any flight, as long as it is carrying its one-fourth share of the load. But if one engine fails, then the chance of failure increases to 30% for each of the other three engines. And if a second engine fails, each of the remaining two has a 45% chance of failure. Assuming that no two engines ever fail simultaneously, and that the aircraft can continue flying with as few as two operating engines, find the probability for no engine failures.arrow_forwardIn a certain four-engine vintage aircraft, now quite unreliable, each engine has a 15% chance of failure on any flight, as long as it is carrying its one-fourth share of the load. But if one engine fails, then the chance of failure increases to 30% for each of the other three engines. And if a second engine fails, each of the remaining two has a 45% chance of failure. Assuming that no two engines ever fail simultaneously, and that the aircraft can continue flying with as few as two operating engines, find the probability for no engine failures.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Linear Algebra: A Modern IntroductionAlgebraISBN:9781285463247Author:David PoolePublisher:Cengage Learning
Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction
Algebra
ISBN:9781285463247
Author:David Poole
Publisher:Cengage Learning
12. Searching and Sorting; Author: MIT OpenCourseWare;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6LOwPhPDwVc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Algorithms and Data Structures - Full Course for Beginners from Treehouse; Author: freeCodeCamp.org;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8hly31xKli0;License: Standard Youtube License