OR operation: OR function needs two inputs and produces one output. It is also known as binary logical function. If one of the inputs or both the inputs are “1”, then one-bit OR operation produces the output as “1”. If both the inputs are “0”, then OR operation produces the output “0”. The following diagram depicts the one-bit OR operation, The truth table for OR operation is as follows, X Y Z=X OR Y 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 In the above table, “X” and “Y” are the inputs, and “Z” is the output. In the above table, when “X=0”, and “Y=0”, the output “Z” is “0”, because both the inputs “X” and “Y” contains the value “0”. When “X=0”, and “Y=1”, the output “Z” is “1”, because one of the input “Y” contains the value “1”. When “X=1”, and “Y=0”, the output “Z” is “1”, because one of the input “X” contains the value “1”. When “X=1”, and “Y=1”, the output “Z” is “1”, because both the inputs “X” and “Y” contains the value “1”. AND function: AND function needs two inputs and produces one output. It is also known as binary logical function. If one or both the inputs are “0”, then one-bit AND operation produces the output “0”. If both inputs are “1”, then AND operation produces the output as “1”. The following diagram depicts the AND operation, The truth table for AND operation is as follows, X Y X AND Y 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 In the above table, “X” and “Y” are inputs, and “Z” is output. When “X=0”, and “Y=0”, the output is “0”, because both the inputs “X” and “Y” contains the value “0”. When “X=0”, and “Y=1”, the output is “0”, because one of the input “X” contains the value “0”. When “X=1”, and “Y=0”, the output is “0”, because one of the input “Y” contains the value “0”. When “X=1”, and “Y=1”, the output is “1”, because both the inputs “X” and “Y” contains the value “1”. NOR function: The NOR operation produces the output which is the negation of the result of “OR” operation. If one or both the inputs are “1”, then NOR operation produces the output as “0”. If both the inputs are “0”, then NOR operation produces the output “1”. The following diagram depicts the NOR operation, The truth table for NOR operation is as follows, X Y Z=X OR Y 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 NAND function: The NAND operation produces the output which is the negation of the result of “AND” operation. If one or both the inputs are “0”, then NAND operation produces the output “1”. If both inputs are “0”, then NAND operation produces the output as “0”. The following diagram depicts the NAND operation, The truth table for NAND operation is as follows, X Y X NAND Y 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

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Chapter 3, Problem 29E

Program Plan Intro

OR operation:

OR function needs two inputs and produces one output.

It is also known as binary logical function.

If one of the inputs or both the inputs are “1”, then one-bit OR operation produces the output as “1”.

If both the inputs are “0”, then OR operation produces the output “0”.

The following diagram depicts the one-bit OR operation,

The truth table for OR operation is as follows,

X Y Z=X OR Y
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1

In the above table, “X” and “Y” are the inputs, and “Z” is the output.

In the above table, when “X=0”, and “Y=0”, the output “Z” is “0”, because both the inputs “X” and “Y” contains the value “0”.

When “X=0”, and “Y=1”, the output “Z” is “1”, because one of the input “Y” contains the value “1”.

When “X=1”, and “Y=0”, the output “Z” is “1”, because one of the input “X” contains the value “1”.

When “X=1”, and “Y=1”, the output “Z” is “1”, because both the inputs “X” and “Y” contains the value “1”.

AND function:

AND function needs two inputs and produces one output.

It is also known as binary logical function.

If one or both the inputs are “0”, then one-bit AND operation produces the output “0”.

If both inputs are “1”, then AND operation produces the output as “1”.

The following diagram depicts the AND operation,

The truth table for AND operation is as follows,

X Y X AND Y
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

In the above table, “X” and “Y” are inputs, and “Z” is output.

When “X=0”, and “Y=0”, the output is “0”, because both the inputs “X” and “Y” contains the value “0”.

When “X=0”, and “Y=1”, the output is “0”, because one of the input “X” contains the value “0”.

When “X=1”, and “Y=0”, the output is “0”, because one of the input “Y” contains the value “0”.

When “X=1”, and “Y=1”, the output is “1”, because both the inputs “X” and “Y” contains the value “1”.

NOR function:

The NOR operation produces the output which is the negation of the result of “OR” operation.

If one or both the inputs are “1”, then NOR operation produces the output as “0”.

If both the inputs are “0”, then NOR operation produces the output “1”.

The following diagram depicts the NOR operation,

The truth table for NOR operation is as follows,

X Y Z=X OR Y
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0

NAND function:

The NAND operation produces the output which is the negation of the result of “AND” operation.

If one or both the inputs are “0”, then NAND operation produces the output “1”.

If both inputs are “0”, then NAND operation produces the output as “0”.

The following diagram depicts the NAND operation,

The truth table for NAND operation is as follows,

X Y X NAND Y
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

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