Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781133103721
Author: Stephen T. Thornton, Andrew Rex
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 24P

(a)

To determine

The power of the emission in the visible region of the spectrum and compare it with ultraviolet and infrared region.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 24P

The fraction of the visible power to the ultraviolet and infrared power is 0.073 and 0.754  respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Write the expression for the ratio of intensities from Planck’s law for the different wavelength.

  l1(λ,t)l2(λ,t)=2πhc2λ151[ehc/λ1kT1]2πhc2λ251[ehc/λ2kT1]        (I)

Here, c is the speed of light, h is the Planck’s constant, k is the Boltzmann’s constant and λ is the wavelength of emission.

Conclusion:

Substitute 400nm for λ1, 966nm for λ2, 1.38×1023J/K for k, 1.986×1025Jm for hc and 3000K for T in equation (I).

  l1(λ,t)l2(λ,t)=2π(3×108m/s)2(6.6×1034Js)(4×107)51[e(3×108m/s)(6.6×1034Js)/(4×107)(1.38×1023)30001]2π(3×108m/s)2(6.6×1034Js)(9.66×107)51[e(3×108m/s)(6.6×1034Js)/(9.66×107)(1.38×1023)30001]=0.073

Substitute 700nm for λ1, 966nm for λ2, 1.38×1023J/K for k, 1.986×1025Jm for hc and 3000K for T in equation (I).

  l1(λ,t)l2(λ,t)=2π(3×108m/s)2(6.6×1034Js)(4×107)51[e(3×108m/s)(6.6×1034Js)/(7×107)(1.38×1023)30001]2π(3×108m/s)2(6.6×1034Js)(9.66×107)51[e(3×108m/s)(6.6×1034Js)/(9.66×107)(1.38×1023)30001]=0.754

Thus, the fraction of the visible power to the ultraviolet and infrared power is 0.073 and 0.754  respectively.

(b)

To determine

The ratio of intensity at 400nm to 700nm wavelength with maximum intensity.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Write the expression for the Planck’s law of radiation.

  R=2πc2hλ1λ2e(hc/λkT)λ5dλ        (II)

Here, c is the speed of light, h is the Planck’s constant, k is the Boltzmann’s constant and λ is the wavelength of emission.

Write the expression for the total power radiated by the lamp.

  P=σT4        (III)

Here, P is the power emitted and σ is the Stefan’s constant.

Write the expression for the fraction of power in the visible region.

  r=RP        (IV)

Here, r is the fraction of the power.

Conclusion:

Substitute 400nm for λ1, 700nm for λ2, 1.38×1023J/K for k, 1.986×1025Jm for hc and 3000K for T in equation (II).

  R=2π(3×108m/s)2(6.6×1034Js)4×1077×107e(1.986×1025Jm/λ(4.14×1020))λ5dλ=3.73×10164×1077×107e(1.986×1025Jm/λ(4.14×1020))λ5dλ=3.71×105W/m2

Substitute 5.66×108W/m2K4 for σ and 3000K for T in equation (III).

  P=5.66×108W/m2K4(3000K)4=4.59×106W/m2

Substitute 4.59×106W/m2 for P and 3.71×105W/m2 for R in equation (IV).

  r=3.71×105W/m24.59×106W/m2=0.081

Thus, the fraction of the visible power to the maximum intensity power is 0.081.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers

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