EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC L
EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC L
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305446021
Author: Lampman
Publisher: CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
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Chapter 3, Problem 1Q
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The amount of caffeine present in each layer after mixing it with methylene chloride and water needs to be determined in which it has distribution coefficient of 4.6 and 52 mg of caffeine are added to 2 mL of water and 2 mL of methylene chloride.

Concept Introduction:

A polar covalent molecule will be soluble in water whereas a non-polar covalent compound will be insoluble in water based on the concept of "Like dissolves like". Some of the polar compounds also not soluble in water as they cannot form hydrogen bonding with water molecules.

The distribution coefficient can be defined as the ratio of the amount of the substance dissolve in one solvent to the amount of substance in the other solvent.

  distribution coefficient=Amount of substance in solvent xAmount of substance in solvent y

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1Q

The mass of caffeine in water and methylene chloride is 0.0427 g and 0.0093 g respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Distribution coefficientof caffeine = 4.6

Amount of caffeine = 52 mg = 0.052 g

Volume of water = 2 mL = 0.002 L

Volume of methylene chloride = 2 mL = 0.002 L

  distribution coefficient=Amount of substance in solvent xAmount of substance in solvent y

Let's assume the amount of caffeine in methylene chloride = x

Thus,

  distribution coefficient=Amount of substance in solvent xAmount of substance in solvent y 4.6 = 0.052 - x g 0.002L x g 0.002L4.6 =(0.052 - x )0.0020.002 x g0.0092 x  =  0.000104 - 0.002 x0.0092 x + 0.002 x =  0.0001040.0112 x=0.000104 x=0.0001040.0112=0.0093g in methylene chloride

Thus,

  0.052 - 0.0093 = 0.0427 g in water

Conclusion

Thus, the mass of caffeine in water and methylene chloride is 0.0427 g and 0.0093 g respectively.

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EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC L

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