Concept explainers
Name three types of lipids found in cell membranes.
To determine: The three kinds of lipids present in the cell membrane.
Introduction: Cells have an outer covering known as the cell membrane. This membrane is made up of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. The ratio of lipid and protein molecules varies with the location of the cell. If the cell is present at a metabolically active location, then the membrane would have more proteins as compared to lipids. The fluid mosaic model elucidates the structure of the cell membrane.
Explanation of Solution
The cell membrane is an important component of a cell. It performs various functions. It is made up of fats, proteins, and some carbohydrates, which have a specific role in the body. Lipids present in cell membrane develop a hydrophobic barrier. There are three types of lipids found in the cell membrane. These lipids are:
- Phospholipids:
It consists of a glycerol backbone. This backbone is attached with two fatty acid chains on one side and phosphate group on the other side. The side with the phosphate group is polar and hydrophilic; whereas, the other side is non-polar and hydrophobic.
- Sphingolipids:
These lipids are also made up of fatty acid chain but are little longer than the phospholipids. The ends of the sphingolipids chain can have either phospholipids or glycolipids.
- Cholesterol:
These molecules are present between the hydrophilic ends of phospholipids. They are hydrophobic. They also make cell membrane flexible and impermeable to water.
Therefore, the three types of lipids present in cell membranes are phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (7th Edition)
- Bacterial species Cell wall type Example: S. mitis Gram positive S. epidermidis H. pylori M. bovis S. marcescens Shape and arrangement Coccus, streptococcus Drawing 0000000arrow_forwardDraw a gram positive bacterial cell below. Your cell should have the following parts, labeled: A coccus shape A capsule The gram positive cell wall should have the peptidoglycan labeled, as well as its component parts (NAM, NAG, and teichoic acid) A cell membrane Fimbriae A nucleoid Ribosomes Inclusionsarrow_forwardwhat rank is above kingdom? order, class, phylum or domainarrow_forward
- in the hierarchy of taconomic categories, with kingdom at the top, what taxon is below classarrow_forwardDo cats fly without wings ?arrow_forwardLuke recently moved to a new apartment and wants to grow houseplants but isn't sure which room will be the best fit for them. Apply your knowledge of the scientific method to recommend a strategy for Luke to follow when determining the ideal location for houseplants in his new apartment.arrow_forward
- A farmer has noticed that his soybean plants produce more beans in some years than others. He claims to always apply the same amount of fertilizer to the plants, but he suspects the difference in crop yield may have something to do with the amount of water the crops receive. The farmer has observed that the soybeans on his farm usually receive between 0 to 0.5 inches of water per day, but he is unsure of the optimal average daily amount of water with which to irrigate. 1. State a question that addresses the farmer’s problem 2. Conduct online research on “soybean crop irrigation" and record a brief summary of the findings 3. Construct a testable hypothesis and record i 4. Design an experiment to test the hypothesis and describe the procedures, variables, and data to be collected 5. What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment? What would the control groups be for each of your designed experiments in this exercise? 6. Describe the data that would be recorded in each of the…arrow_forwardA farmer has noticed that his soybean plants produce more beans in some years than others. He claims to always apply the same amount of fertilizer to the plants, but he suspects the difference in crop yield may have something to do with the amount of water the crops receive. The farmer has observed that the soybeans on his farm usually receive between 0 to 0.5 inches of water per day, but he is unsure of the optimal average daily amount of water with which to irrigate. 1. State a question that addresses the farmer’s problem 2. Conduct online research on “soybean crop irrigation" and record a brief summary of the findings 3. Construct a testable hypothesis and record i 4. Design an experiment to test the hypothesis and describe the procedures, variables, and data to be collectedarrow_forwardA pharmaceutical company has developed a new weight loss drug for adults. Preliminary tests show that the drug seems to be fairly effective in about 75% of test subjects. The drug company thinks that the drug might be most effective in overweight individuals, but they are unsure to whom they should market the product. Use the scientific method to address the pharmaceutical company’s needs: State a research question that addresses the pharmaceutical company's problem Conduct online research on “Body Mass Index” categories and record a brief summary Construct a testable hypothesis and record in Design an experiment to test the hypothesis and describe the procedures, variables, and data to be collected What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment? What would the control groups be for each of your designed experiments in this exercise? Describe the data that would be recorded in each of the experiments you designed. Would it be classified as quantitative or…arrow_forward
- Patients with multiple sclerosis frequently suffer from blurred vision. Drug X was developed to reduce blurred vision in healthy patients, but the effectiveness had not been tested on those suffering from multiple sclerosis. A study was conducted to determine if Drug X is effective at reducing blurry vision in multiple sclerosis patients. To be considered effective, a drug must reduce blurred vision by more than 30% in patients. Researchers predicted that a 20 mg dose of the drug would be effective for treating blurred vision in multiple sclerosis patients by reducing blurred vision by more than 30%. Drug X was administered to groups of multiple sclerosis patients at three doses (10 mg/day, 20 mg/day, 30 mg/day) for three weeks. A fourth group of patients was given a placebo containing no drug X for the same length of time. Vision clarity was measured for each patient before and after the three-week period using a standard vision test. The results were analyzed and graphed (See Figure…arrow_forwardSvp je voulais demander l aide pour mon exercicearrow_forwardImagine that you are a clinical geneticist. Your colleague is an oncologist who wants your help explaining the basics of genetics to their patient, who will be undergoing genetic testing in the coming weeks for possible acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induced by the radiation she had several years ago for breast cancer. Write a 1,050- to 1,225-word memo to your colleague. Include the following in your memo: An explanation of the molecular structure of DNA and RNA, highlighting both similarities and differences A description of the processes of transcription and translation An explanation of the differences between leading and lagging strands and how the DNA is replicated in each strand Reponses to the following common questions patients might ask about this type of genetic testing and genetic disorder: Does AML run in families? What genes are tested for?arrow_forward
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning