Mathematics All Around-Workbook
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134462356
Author: Pirnot
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2.CT, Problem 1CT
Chapter Test
Use an alternative method to express each set.
a.
b.{x:x is a month in the year}
c.{y:y is a person in your math class and also more than 100 years old}
Expert Solution
To determine
a)
To express:
An alternative method of each set
Answer to Problem 1CT
Solution:
Explanation of Solution
Definition of sets and elements:
A collection of objects is called a set and the individual objects in this collection are called elements or members of the set. We can use uppercase letter to denote the set and the lowercase letter to denote the elements.
For example:
Where S is the set and a, b, c, d are the elements
Sets can be represented by using two methods. They are
i) listing method
ii) set-builder notation
Listing method:
The elements in the set can be written as a list where the elements are separated by the commas and enclosed within the brackets.
Set-builder notation:
A shorthand used to write sets, if all the elements of set have some common characteristics. It is also used to define a set with infinite number of elements.
For example:
We can represent a natural numbers using set-builder notation,
We can read the above expression as “
Given:
The given set is expressed in listing method.
So we can express that equation in the set-builder notation which is the alternative method.
Here “
Expert Solution
To determine
b)
To express:
An alternative method of each set
Answer to Problem 1CT
Solution:
Explanation of Solution
Definition of sets and elements:
A collection of objects is called a set and the individual objects in this collection are called elements or members of the set. We can use uppercase letter to denote the set and the lowercase letter to denote the elements.
For example:
Where S is the set and a, b, c, d are the elements
Sets can be represented by using two methods. They are
i) listing method
ii) set-builder notation
Listing method:
The elements in the set can be written as a list where the elements are separated by the commas and enclosed within the brackets.
Set-builder notation:
A shorthand used to write sets, if all the elements of set have some common characteristics. It is also used to define a set with infinite number of elements.
For example:
We can represent a natural numbers using set-builder notation,
We can read the above expression as “
Given:
The given set is expressed in set-builder notation method.
So we can express that equation in the listing which is the alternative method.
Expert Solution
To determine
c)
To express:
An alternative method of each set
Answer to Problem 1CT
Solution:
Explanation of Solution
Definition of sets and elements:
A collection of objects is called a set and the individual objects in this collection are called elements or members of the set. We can use uppercase letter to denote the set and the lowercase letter to denote the elements.
For example:
Where S is the set and a, b, c, d are the elements
Sets can be represented by using two methods. They are
i) listing method
ii) set-builder notation
Listing method:
The elements in the set can be written as a list where the elements are separated by the commas and enclosed within the brackets.
Set-builder notation:
A shorthand used to write sets, if all the elements of set have some common characteristics. It is also used to define a set with infinite number of elements.
For example:
We can represent a natural numbers using set-builder notation,
We can read the above expression as “
Given:
The given set is expressed in set-builder notation method.
So we can express that equation in the listing which is the alternative method.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The OU process studied in the previous problem is a common model for interest rates.
Another common model is the CIR model, which solves the SDE:
dX₁ = (a = X₁) dt + σ √X+dWt,
-
under the condition Xoxo. We cannot solve this SDE explicitly.
=
(a) Use the Brownian trajectory simulated in part (a) of Problem 1, and the Euler
scheme to simulate a trajectory of the CIR process. On a graph, represent both the
trajectory of the OU process and the trajectory of the CIR process for the same
Brownian path.
(b) Repeat the simulation of the CIR process above M times (M large), for a large
value of T, and use the result to estimate the long-term expectation and variance
of the CIR process. How do they compare to the ones of the OU process?
Numerical application: T = 10, N = 500, a = 0.04, x0 = 0.05, σ = 0.01, M = 1000.
1
(c) If you use larger values than above for the parameters, such as the ones in Problem
1, you may encounter errors when implementing the Euler scheme for CIR. Explain
why.
Refer to page 1 for a problem involving proving the distributive property of matrix
multiplication.
Instructions: Provide a detailed proof using matrix definitions and element-wise operations.
Show all calculations clearly.
Link [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]
Refer to page 30 for a problem requiring solving a nonhomogeneous differential equation
using the method of undetermined coefficients.
Instructions: Solve step-by-step, including the complementary and particular solutions. Clearly
justify each step.
Link [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]
Chapter 2 Solutions
Mathematics All Around-Workbook
Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 1-12, use set notation to list all...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.1 - In Exercises 13-22, use an alternative method to...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 13-22, use an alternative method to...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.1 - In Exercises 13-22, use an alternative method to...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 13-22, use an alternative method to...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 13-22, use an alternative method to...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 13-22, use an alternative method to...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 13-22, use an alternative method to...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 31-42, replace each # with either or...Ch. 2.1 - Find nA for each of the following sets A. 1, 3, 5,...Ch. 2.1 - Find nA for each of the following sets A. 3, 4, 5,...Ch. 2.1 - Find nA for each of the following sets A. x: x is...Ch. 2.1 - Find nA for each of the following sets A. x: x is...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 47ECh. 2.1 - Find nA for each of the following sets A. x: x is...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 49-52, draw a bag diagram similar to...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 49-52, draw a bag diagram similar to...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 51ECh. 2.1 - In Exercises 49-52, draw a bag diagram similar to...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 53ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 54ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 55ECh. 2.1 - Describe each of the following sets as either...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 57ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 58ECh. 2.1 - In Exercises 57-64, find an element of set A that...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 57-64, find an element of set A that...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 61ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 62ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 63ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 64ECh. 2.1 - Applying What Youve Learned In Exercises 65-68,...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 66ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 67ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 68ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 69ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 70ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 71ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 72ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 73ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 74ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 75ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 76ECh. 2.1 - Communicating Mathematics The Analogies Principle...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 78ECh. 2.1 - Communicating Mathematics Give a careful...Ch. 2.1 - Communicating Mathematics Often good notation...Ch. 2.1 - Challenge Yourself Sets of well-known people. 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World issues...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.4 - Applying What Youve Learned 38. Online music...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 45ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 47ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 2.4 - A person can safely receive a transfusion from...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 51ECh. 2.4 - Communicating Mathematics In Figure 2.13a,...Ch. 2.4 - Math in Your: Life: Between the Numbers Validity...Ch. 2.4 - Math in Your Life: Between the Numbers Validity of...Ch. 2.4 - Challenge Yourself As you saw in Section 2.3, a...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 56ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 57ECh. 2.4 - Challenge Yourself Thinking along the lines of...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 59ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 60ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.5 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercises 1-8, show that...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.5 - Sharpening Your Skills In Exercises 1-8, show that...Ch. 2.5 - In Exercises 9-12, we give an expression...Ch. 2.5 - In Exercises 9-12, we give an expression...Ch. 2.5 - In Exercises 9-12, we give an expression...Ch. 2.5 - In Exercises 9-12, we give an expression...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.5 - In Example 3, we showed you how to match the...Ch. 2.5 - In Example 3, we showed you how to match the...Ch. 2.5 - In Example 3, we showed you how to match the...Ch. 2.5 - In Example 3, we showed you how to match the...Ch. 2.5 - Communicating Mathematics In Example 3, what did...Ch. 2.5 - Communicating Mathematics What was the essence of...Ch. 2.5 - Communicating Mathematics How would you convince...Ch. 2.5 - Communicating Mathematics How would you convince...Ch. 2.5 - Communicating Mathematics In Example 3, why did we...Ch. 2.5 - In constructing the number x in Example 4, how...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.5 - The arithmetic of infinite cardinal numbers has...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.5 - Imagine that we bend a line segment representing...Ch. 2.5 - Use an argument similar to that of Exercise 37 to...Ch. 2.CR - Prob. 1CRCh. 2.CR - Explain whyCh. 2.CR - Make up a bag diagram to illustrate the set 3, ,1,...Ch. 2.CR - Find the cardinal number of each of these sets....Ch. 2.CR - Prob. 5CRCh. 2.CR - Decide whether each statement is true and false....Ch. 2.CR - Prob. 7CRCh. 2.CR - Prob. 8CRCh. 2.CR - Prob. 9CRCh. 2.CR - Using the same sets as in Exercise 9, find the...Ch. 2.CR - Prob. 11CRCh. 2.CR - Use DeMorgans laws to represent (AB) in a...Ch. 2.CR - a. 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- Refer to page 5 for a problem requiring finding the critical points of a multivariable function. Instructions: Use partial derivatives and the second partial derivative test to classify the critical points. Provide detailed calculations. Link [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qo Hazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 3 for a problem on evaluating limits involving indeterminate forms using L'Hôpital's rule. Instructions: Apply L'Hôpital's rule rigorously. Show all derivatives and justify the steps leading to the solution. Link [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qo Hazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward3. Let {X} be an autoregressive process of order one, usually written as AR(1). (a) Write down an equation defining X₁ in terms of an autoregression coefficient a and a white noise process {} with variance σ². Explain what the phrase "{} is a white noise process with variance o?" means. (b) Derive expressions for the variance 70 and the autocorrelation function Pk, k 0,1,. of the {X} in terms of o2 and a. Use these expressions to suggest an estimate of a in terms of the sample autocor- relations {k}. (c) Suppose that only every second value of X is observed, resulting in a time series Y X2, t = 1, 2,.... Show that {Y} forms an AR(1) process. Find its autoregression coefficient, say d', and the variance of the underlying white noise process, in terms of a and o². (d) Given a time series data set X1, ..., X256 with sample mean = 9.23 and sample autocorrelations ₁ = -0.6, 2 = 0.36, 3 = -0.22, p = 0.13, 5 = -0.08, estimate the autoregression coefficients a and a' of {X} and {Y}.arrow_forward
- #8 (a) Find the equation of the tangent line to y = √x+3 at x=6 (b) Find the differential dy at y = √x +3 and evaluate it for x=6 and dx = 0.3arrow_forwardRefer to page 96 for a problem involving the heat equation. Solve the PDE using the method of separation of variables. Derive the solution step-by-step, including the boundary conditions. Instructions: Stick to solving the heat equation. Show all intermediate steps, including separation of variables, solving for eigenvalues, and constructing the solution. Irrelevant explanations are not allowed. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardQ.2 Q.4 Determine ffx dA where R is upper half of the circle shown below. x²+y2=1 (1,0)arrow_forward
- Refer to page 83 for a vector field problem requiring verification of conservative nature and finding a scalar potential function. Instructions: Focus strictly on verifying conditions for conservativeness and solving for the potential function. Show all work step-by-step. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward1000 1500 2000 Quarterly sales of videos in the Leeds "Disney" store are shown in figure 1. Below is the code and output for an analysis of these data in R, with the sales data stored in the time series object X. Explain what is being done at points (i)-(iv) in the R code. Explain what is the difference between (v) and (vi) in the R code. Explain, giving reasons, which of (v) and (vi) is preferable. Write out the model with estimated parameters in full. (The relevant points in the R code are denoted #2#2#3#23 (i) #### etc.) Given that the sales for the four quarters of 2018 were 721, 935, 649, and 1071, use model-based forecasting to predict sales for the first quarter of 2019. (A point forecast is sufficient; you do not need to calculate a prediction interval.) Suggest one change to the fitted model which would improve the analysis. (You can assume that the choice of stochastic process at (v) in the R code is the correct one for these data.) 2010 2012 2014 Time 2016 Figure 1:…arrow_forward2. Let {X} be a moving average process of order q (usually written as MA(q)) defined on tЄ Z as where {et} is a white noise process with variance 1. (1) (a) Show that for any MA(1) process with B₁ 1 there exists another MA(1) pro- cess with the same autocorrelation function, and find the lag 1 moving average coefficient (say) of this process. (b) For an MA(2) process, equation (1) becomes X=&t+B₁et-1+ B2ɛt-2- (2) i. Define the backshift operator B, and write equation (2) in terms of a polyno- mial function B(B), giving a clear definition of this function. ii. Hence show that equation (2) can be written as an infinite order autoregressive process under certain conditions on B(B), clearly stating these conditions.arrow_forward
- explain the importance of the Hypothesis test in a business setting, and give an example of a situation where it is helpful in business decision making.arrow_forwardRefer to page 92 for a problem involving solving coupled first-order ODEs using Laplace transforms. Instructions: Solve step-by-step using Laplace transforms. Show detailed algebraic manipulations and inversions. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing] Refer to page 86 for a problem involving solving Legendre's differential equation. Instructions: Solve using power series or standard solutions. Clearly justify every step and avoid unnecessary explanations. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardConsider the time series model X₁ = u(t)+s(t) + εt. Assuming the standard notation used in this module, what do each of the terms Xt, u(t), s(t) and & represent? In a plot of X against t, what features would you look for to determine whether the terms μ(t) and s(t) are required? Explain why μ(t) and s(t) are functions of t, whilst t is a subscript in X and εt.arrow_forward
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