EP ORGANIC CHEMISTRY,24 MONTH-OWLV2
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305084391
Author: McMurry
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 29.SE, Problem 30MP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The amino acid leucine is biosynthesized from α-ketoisocaproate, which is itself prepared from α-ketoisovalerate by a multistep route that involves (1) reaction with acetyl CoA, (2) hydrolysis, (3) dehydration, (4) hydration, (5) oxidation, and (6) decarboxylation. Show the steps in the transformation, and propose a mechanism for each.
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For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the
benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene.
Molecule
Inductive Effects
Resonance Effects
Overall Electron-Density
×
NO2
○ donating
O donating
O withdrawing
O withdrawing
O electron-rich
electron-deficient
no inductive effects
O no resonance effects
O similar to benzene
E
[
CI
O donating
withdrawing
O no inductive effects
Explanation
Check
○ donating
withdrawing
no resonance effects
electron-rich
electron-deficient
O similar to benzene
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Understanding how substituents activate
Rank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic
aromatic substitution.
Explanation
HN
NH2
Check
X
(Choose one)
(Choose one)
(Choose one)
(Choose one)
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Identifying electron-donating and electron-withdrawing effects on benzene
For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the
benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene.
Inductive Effects
Resonance Effects
Overall Electron-Density
Molecule
CF3
O donating
O donating
O withdrawing
O withdrawing
O no inductive effects
O no resonance effects
electron-rich
electron-deficient
O similar to benzene
CH3
O donating
O withdrawing
O no inductive effects
O donating
O withdrawing
Ono resonance effects
O electron-rich
O electron-deficient
O similar to benzene
Explanation
Check
Х
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Chapter 29 Solutions
EP ORGANIC CHEMISTRY,24 MONTH-OWLV2
Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 29.3 - Write the equations for the remaining passages of...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 3PCh. 29.4 - Write a mechanism for the dehydration reaction of...Ch. 29.4 - Evidence for the role of acetate in fatty-acid...Ch. 29.4 - Does the reduction of acetoacetyl ACP in step 6...Ch. 29.5 - Prob. 7PCh. 29.5 - Look at the entire glycolysis pathway, and make a...Ch. 29.6 - Prob. 9PCh. 29.7 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 29.7 - Write mechanisms for step 2 of the citric acid...Ch. 29.7 - Prob. 12PCh. 29.8 - Prob. 13PCh. 29.9 - Write all the steps in the transamination reaction...Ch. 29.9 - What -keto acid is formed on transamination of...Ch. 29.9 - Prob. 16PCh. 29.SE - Prob. 17VCCh. 29.SE - Identify the following intermediate in the citric...Ch. 29.SE - The following compound is an intermediate in the...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 20VCCh. 29.SE - In the pentose phosphate pathway for degrading...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 22MPCh. 29.SE - One of the steps in the pentose phosphate pathway...Ch. 29.SE - One of the steps in the pentose phosphate pathway...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 25MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 26MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 27MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 28MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 29MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 30MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 31MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 32APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 33APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 34APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 35APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 36APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 37APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 38APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 39APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 40APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 41APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 42APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 43APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 44APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 45APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 46APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 47APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 48APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 49APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 50APCh. 29.SE - In glycerol metabolism, the oxidation of...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 52APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 53APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 54APCh. 29.SE - In step 7 of fatty-acid biosynthesis (Figure...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 56AP
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- For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects O donating O withdrawing O no inductive effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density ○ donating ○ withdrawing O no resonance effects O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene Cl O donating O withdrawing ○ donating ○ withdrawing O no inductive effects O no resonance effects O Explanation Check O electron-rich O electron-deficient similar to benzene X © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessarrow_forwardIdentifying electron-donating and For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects NH2 ○ donating NO2 Explanation Check withdrawing no inductive effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density ○ donating O withdrawing O no resonance effects O donating O withdrawing O donating withdrawing O no inductive effects Ono resonance effects O electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene olo 18 Ar 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibilityarrow_forwardRank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation Check Х (Choose one) OH (Choose one) OCH3 (Choose one) OH (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forward
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