Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 28.6, Problem 4CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS Ø The bacterium Wolbachia is a symbiont that lives in mosquito cells and spreads rapidly through mosquito populations. Wolbachia can make mosquitoes resistant to infection by Plasmodium; researchers are seeking a strain that confers resistance and does not harm mosquitoes. Compare evolutionary changes that could occur if malaria control is attempted using such a Wolbachia strain versus using insecticides to kill mosquitoes. (Review Figure 28.16 and Concept 23.4.)
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Phylogenetic with branch lengths scaled in genetic distance
0.88
0.88
0.93
0.78
2388-3883
232 2002
4⁹29930
9823-2883
0.8
0.82
0.89-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lineage 2
0.99
2001
90-2004
4484 2005
-0.635
388627805
718356883
11 2002
-83331-9811
74333-2690
$250-2010
10737 2002
203 2001
1511 208201
4701810
2008-2011
6295 29889
8073_2007
0.01 (# substitutions/nucleotide
site)
83922889
015 2005
98507_2009
8195 200
46828000
Root-to-tip distance
Evolutionary distance from root-to-tip versus sampling
time
2.8x10
2.2x10
R²=0.00
1990
1995
2000
00 000
80
2005
000
O
oo
XBOO8
1. In this figure you can see a phylogenetic tree of samples of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis lineage 2 and a corresponding root-to-tip plot. The branch
lengths in the tree are scaled by evolutionary/genetic distance, so not by time.
In the plot on the right, the summed branch lengths going from the root to the
tips of the trees are then plotted against the dates the tips were sampled.
What can we conclude from these figures?
The…
Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion
In thinking about the clinical application of phylogenetics, discuss the role of phylogenetics in these areas.
a) Predictions of drug resistance
b) Identifying the origin of an outbreak
c)Predicting the spread of a disease
The theory of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts was first proposed by the biologist Lynn
Which of the following statements provides support for the theory of endosymbiosis?
1. All the genes found in chloroplasts are homologous to genes found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cell.
2. Mitochondria contain their own ribosomes.
3. Proteins need a targeting sequence to be imported into a chloroplast.
4. Mitochondria can generate a proton gradient and harness it to synthesize ATP.
O A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 4 only
E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.
Chapter 28 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 28.1 - Cite at least four examples of structural and...Ch. 28.1 - Summarize the role of endosymbiosis in eukaryotic...Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.2 - Why do some biologists describe the mitochondria...Ch. 28.2 - WHAT IF? DNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a...Ch. 28.3 - Explain why forams have such a well-preserved...Ch. 28.3 - WHAT IF? Would you expect the plastid DNA of...Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 28.4 - Contrast red algae and brown algae.
Ch. 28.4 - Why is it accurate to say that Ulva is truly...Ch. 28.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.5 - Contrast the pseudopodia of amoebozoans and...Ch. 28.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 28.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.6 - Justify the claim that photosynthetic protists are...Ch. 28.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 28.6 - WHAT IF? High water temperatures and pollution...Ch. 28.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The bacterium Wolbachia is a...Ch. 28 - Describe similarities and differences between...Ch. 28 - What evidence indicates that the excavates form a...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.3CRCh. 28 - On what basis do systematists place plants in the...Ch. 28 - Describe a key feature for each of the main...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.6CRCh. 28 - Plastids that are Surrounded by more than two...Ch. 28 - Biologists think that endosymbiosis gave rise to...Ch. 28 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 28 - According to the phylogeny presented in this...Ch. 28 - In a life cycle with alternation of generations,...Ch. 28 - Based on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 28.2,...Ch. 28 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 28 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Applying the If then logic of...Ch. 28 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Organisms...Ch. 28 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This micrograph show's a...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Please answer fast Imagine 4 hypothetical parasites that use humans as a definitive host that have evolved, in isolation, on Australia (an island). Which of the 4 (described below) would be most likely to successfully colonize Madagascar (another island, distant from Australia, and already populated by humans) if a group of 8 infected Australian humans emigrated to Madagascar? a. A trematode that uses direct penetration to infect humans and has 3 intermediate hosts. b. A cestode with an indirect life cycle and trophic transmission c. An apicomplexan transmitted to humans by a biological vector. d. A nematode with a direct life cycle and fecal-oral transmission.arrow_forward"Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, some argued that comparable numbers of people caught bad strains of the influenza virus (causing the viral flu); thus, by extension, the restrictions imposed on society for COVID-19 were unduly burdensome. Based on our discussion in class, which arguments could be made to refute this argument. " "While an average of 31 million people catch the viral flu each year in the US (compared to 16 million COVID-19 cases so far), the mortality rate from the flu seems to be perhaps 8 to 24 times lower than for COVID-19." "Fewer people have caught COVID-19 than catch the viral flu in a given year, but the comparison is not entirely fair since we are not restricting social gatherings or wearing masks during viral flu seasons. A fair comparison would be what would have happened with COVID-19 infections if normal year practices were carried out. " More than twice the number of people in the US have caught COVID-19 than catch the flu virus in a…arrow_forwardHorse - Equus caballus Trace its origin and evolutionary history or changes in the species. Describe its structures and their functions. What is the importance of this species to our environment? Give trivia about this species. Does this organism produce oxygen? Explain. What are the ancestral species of your chosen organism? Has this species been genetically engineered? If yes, in what way? How does this species reproduce? What organisms have similar structures to this species? Do these structures have the same function? Does the species have tissues, organs, and/or organ systems? What is its role in the flow of energy? Give at 15 least a sentence to each question.arrow_forward
- Asian tiger mosquito Trace its origin and evolutionary history or changes in the species. Describe its structures and their functions. What is the importance of this species to our environment? Give trivia about this species. Does this organism produce oxygen? Explain. What are the ancestral species of your chosen organism? Has this species been genetically engineered? If yes, in what way? How does this species reproduce? What organisms have similar structures to this species? Do these structures have the same function? Does the species have tissues, organs, and/or organ systems? What is its role in the flow of energy? Give at 15 least a sentence to each question.arrow_forwardSelect all of the following that provide evidence about the support to the Theory of Endosymbiosis. U U U Chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA Chloroplasts and mitochondria are present in prokaryotic bacteria Chloroplasts and mitochondria are enclosed in a double membrane Chloroplasts and mitochondria divide by a process that closely resembles binary fission The DNA of chloroplasts and mitochondria is very similar to that of other free-living prokaryotesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is/are evidence that mitochondria and bacteria are descendants of bacteria? (Select all that apply.) a) The DNA structure of mitochondria and chloroplasts is similar to that of bacteria b) The DNA sequence of mitochondria and chloroplasts is similar to that of bacteria c) Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own genomes that are not enclosed in a nuclear envelope. d) MItochondria and chloroplasts have their own ribosomes.arrow_forward
- How can horizontal gene transfer influence evolution? Would you be able to detect it using phylogeny? What about horizontal gene transfer makes reading bacterial trees difficult?arrow_forwardDescribe the Theory of Endosymbiosis. a) Briefly define the Endosymbiotic Theory. 2 pts,b) Explain why the Theory of Endosymbiosis is considered a “theory” and not a “hypothesis.” 3 pts,c) Provide a description of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, including at least 4 similarities and 4 structural differences. 4 pts,d) Describe the sequence of events with anaerobic ancestral proto-eukaryotes and aerobic prokaryotes that led to the formation of mitochondria and chloroplasts inside eukaryotic cells. (Be sure to define aerobic and anaerobic respiration.) 6 pts,e) Explain how each, the anaerobic ancestral proto-eukaryotes and aerobic prokaryotes, benefited from the relationship. 4 pts,f) Describe 7 pieces of evidence for this scientific theory. Some of this evidence will consist of a list of similarities between mitochondria characteristics and bacteria characteristics. Along with this list of similarities, explain HOW the characteristics are similar. 10 pts,g) The Endosymbiotic Theory…arrow_forwardVolvox carteri, an volvocine alga, has approximately 2000 somatic cells and only 16 reproductive or germ line cells. The observation that multicellular individuals, like Volvox, have a much smaller subset of germ line cells compared to somatic cells appears to be general rule. Which of the following is the best evolutionary explanation for why this is the case? A) Organisms can biologically only contain a small number of germ line cells as they are always larger than somatic cells. B) Multicellular individuals with a germ line vs. somatic cell line differentiation only evolved a single time, thus all members of this lineage share the same scheme of more soma cells with a much smaller subset of germ line cells. C) Having a smaller subset of reproductive cells helps reduce the likelihood of cheating from evolving, which in turns prevents the collapse of the multicellular individual system. D) None of the above.arrow_forward
- From the pictures interpret the tree using real branch lengths. What can you infer? How many major clades can you see? Do they belong to the same class, order, family, and genus? Why or why not?arrow_forwardDescribe the relationship between the original bacteria kingdom called monera and the domain called bacteria.arrow_forwardI need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Infectious Diseases - How do we control them?; Author: Let's Learn Public Health;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2JWku3Kjpq0;License: Standard Youtube License