(a)
To explain:
The major categories of US government spending that shrunk since 1960s.
Answer to Problem 1QFR
Since the decade of 1960s, among the four major areas of the US government spending, spending volume on two areas has been shrinking while the other two areas are growing fast.
Explanation of Solution
Looking at the federal government spending trends, it is found that since 1960s the government expenditure on the areas of social security and healthcare has been grown a lot. During the same period governmentexpenditure volume on the rest major areas which are national defense and interest payments has shrunk relatively.
Government spending:
The major areas of the US government spending are mainly national defense, social security, health care and payment of interest. Since 1960s,
(b)
To explain:
The flexibility of US budget as a result of growth in the mandatory programs.
Answer to Problem 1QFR
There are some mandatory areas in US government budget in which government expenditure volume has been increased day by day. Due to the fast growth of these mandatory programs the US budget has become flexible gradually.
Explanation of Solution
Since the beginning of the 21st century,the baby boom generation has begun to cross 65 years, and in the coming decades the greatest volume of American citizens will be the people over 65 years. Then the running payroll tax volume of US government will be insufficient to provide social security as well as health care programs to these people and consequently budget deficits will reach far extent. This reason makes the US budget compelled to be more flexible. Nowadays, 50% share of GDP alone is spent on the mandatory programs which was 30% before. For this increment expenditure on national defense and interest payment must be decreased to an extent by the govt. Here, conclusion is that the result of rapid growth of mandatory programs is more flexiblein the US budget.
Mandatory programs:
The mandatory programs of the US government budget known as entitlement spending too, are the government expenditure volume spent on some certain fields which are declared as mandated by the law. These mandatory fields include social welfare programs such as social security; Medicare facilities; temporary assistance for needy families and insurance for
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 28 Solutions
Principles of Economics (Second Edition)
- G Interpret the following estimated regression equations: wagehr = 0.5+ 2.5exper, where wagehr is the wage, measured in £/hour and exper is years of experience, colGPA = 1.39.412 hsGPA where colGPA is grade point average for a college student, and hsGPA is the grade point average they achieved in high school, cons 124.84 +0.853 inc where cons and inc are annual household consumption and income, both measured in dollars What is (i) the predicted hourly wage for someone with five years of experience? (ii) the predicted grade point average in college for a student whose grade point average in high school was 4.0, (iii) the predicted consumption when household income is $30000? =arrow_forward1. Solving the system of inequalities: I≥3 x+y1 2. Graph y=-2(x+2)(x-3) 3. Please graph the following quadratic inequalities Solve y≤ -1²+2+3arrow_forwardNot use ai pleasearrow_forward
- not use ai pleasearrow_forwardWhat are the key factors that influence the decline of traditional retail businesses in the digital economy? 2. How does consumer behavior impact the success or failure of legacy retail brands? 3. What role does technological innovation play in sustaining long-term competitiveness for retailers? 4. How can traditional retailers effectively adapt their business models to meet evolving market demands?arrow_forwardProblem 1.1 Cyber security is a very costly dimension of doing business for many retailers and their customers who use credit and debit cards. A recent data breach of U.S.-based Home Depot involved some 56 million cardholders. Just to investigate and cover the immediate direct costs of this identity theft amounted to an estimated $62,000,000, of which $27,000,000 was recovered by insurance company payments. This does not include indirect costs, such as, lost future business, costs to banks, and cost to replace cards. If a cyber security vendor had proposed 8 years before the breach that a $10,000,000 investment in a malware detection system could guard the company's computer and payment systems from such a breach, would it have kept up with the rate of inflation estimated at 4% per year?arrow_forward
- Not use ai pleasearrow_forwardAnalyze financial banking products from the Asset-Based Financial Products side (like credit cards, loans, mortgages, etc.). Examine aspects such as liquidity, risk, and profitability from a company and an individual point of view. Ensure that the interventions demonstrate analytical skills and clearly express the points of view regarding the topic.arrow_forwardprovide source where information was retrieved NAME OF SCHOOL: Florida Polytechnical college ADDRESS: PRIVATE OR PUBLIC: ENTRY REQUIREMENTS - GPA, SAT/ ACT SCORES: IN STATE TUITION COST: DORMITORY COST: OFF CAMPUS HOUSING OPTIONS: AVERAGE MONTHLY RENT FOR A ROOM in the area: MEAL PLAN: Do they have them? Are they mandatory for freshmen? How much $: CAMPUS SIZE: (don't put acres - is it a small, medium, or large campus?) TEACHER STUDENT RATIO/CLASS SIZE: NUMBER OF UNDERGRADUATE (freshmen, soph, junior, seniors) STUDENTS ON CAMPUS: FINANCIAL AID/SCHOLARSHIPS OPPORTUNITIES: ACCEPTANCE RATE: GRADUATION RATE: ONLINE OPTION? BUSINESS DEGREES: (list them) ACADEMIC SUPPORT - TUTORING: JOB PLACEMENT/CAREER SERVICES: what % of students get lined up with jobs right out of college with the school's help? INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES: Paid? Unpaid? STUDY ABROAD PROGRAMS: Do they exist? How much $? SPORTS: Competitive - D1, D2, D3, etc? Intramural? (non-competitive sports opportunities) CLUBS: How many?…arrow_forward
- Explain the following: How is 4 to 5 a 22% increase? How is 100 to 80 a 22% decrease? Not pictured: How is 100 to 90 a 11% decrease? How is 100 to 50 a 67% decrease?arrow_forwardWithout Trade Production Consumption With Trade Production Everglades Denali Shorts (Millions of Almonds Shorts Almonds pairs) (Millions of pounds) (Millions of pairs) (Millions of pounds) 12 16 5 30 12 16 5 30 64 0 0 20 Trade action Imports 13 ▼ Exports 39▾ Imports 13 ▼ Exports 39 Consumption Gains from Trade Increase in Consumptionarrow_forwardPractice: Their labor forces are each capable of supplying four million hours per week that can be used to produce shorts, almonds, or some combination of the two. Country Shorts Almonds (Pairs per hour of labor) (Pounds per hour of labor) Everglades 4 16 Denali 5 10 Suppose that initially Denali uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce shorts and 3 million hours per week to produce almonds, while Everglades uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce shorts and 1 million hours per week to produce almonds. As a result, Everglades produces 12 million pairs of shorts and 16 million pounds of almonds, and Denali produces 5 million pairs of shorts and 30 million pounds of almonds. Assume there are no other countries willing to engage in trade, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of shorts and almonds it produces. Everglades's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of shorts is4 pounds of…arrow_forward
Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781337617383Author:Roger A. ArnoldPublisher:Cengage Learning
Microeconomics: Private and Public Choice (MindTa...EconomicsISBN:9781305506893Author:James D. Gwartney, Richard L. Stroup, Russell S. Sobel, David A. MacphersonPublisher:Cengage Learning
Macroeconomics: Private and Public Choice (MindTa...EconomicsISBN:9781305506756Author:James D. Gwartney, Richard L. Stroup, Russell S. Sobel, David A. MacphersonPublisher:Cengage Learning