ANAT.&PHYS.:INTEGR.APPR.-CONNECT
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781264712588
Author: McKinley
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 2.7, Problem 28WDYL
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The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
There is currently a H5N1 cattle outbreak in North America.
According to the CDC on Feb 26*: "A multistate outbreak of HPAI A(H5N1) bird flu in dairy cows was first reported on March 25, 2024. This is the first time that these bird flu viruses had been found in cows. In the United States, since 2022, USDA has reported HPAI A(H5N1) virus detections in more than 200 mammals."
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Mechanisms 2:
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You have a bacterial strain with the CMU operon:
a) As shown in the image below, the cmu operon encodes a peptide (Pep1), as well as a
kinase and regulator corresponding to a two-component system. The cmu operon is
activated when Pep 1 is added to the growth media.
Pep1 is a peptide that when added extracellularly leads to activation of the Cmu operon.
Pep1 cmu-kinase cmu-regulator
You also have these genetic components in other strains:
b) An alternative sigma factor, with a promoter activated by the cmu-regulator, that control a
series of multiple operons that together encode a transformasome (cellular machinery
for transformation).
c) the gene cl (a repressor).
d) the promoter X, which includes a cl binding site (and in the absence of cl is active).
e) the gene gp (encoding a green fluorescence protein).
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any of these genomic features, how would you use one or more of these to modify the…
Chapter 2 Solutions
ANAT.&PHYS.:INTEGR.APPR.-CONNECT
Ch. 2.1 - How would the chemical shorthand for oxygen be...Ch. 2.1 - Diagram the atomic structure of chlorineatomic...Ch. 2.1 - Do isotopes represent the same element? Do they...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 4WDYLCh. 2.2 - List the common cations and anions of the human...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 6WDYLCh. 2.2 - Explain how and why ions form based on the octet...Ch. 2.2 - Could an ionic bond form between two cations or...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 9WDYLCh. 2.3 - What is an isomer?
Ch. 2.3 - Explain covalent bond formation in terms of...Ch. 2.3 - Assign the partial charges between nitrogen and...Ch. 2.3 - Why are some covalent bonds nonpolar and others...Ch. 2.3 - Are O2, and CO2 nonpolar or polar molecules?Ch. 2.3 - What is the name of the intermolecular attraction...Ch. 2.4 - Diagram the intermolecular bond between water...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 17WDYLCh. 2.4 - Prob. 18WDYLCh. 2.4 - Prob. 19WDYLCh. 2.5 - Explain why water is neutral.Ch. 2.5 - Which type of substance releases H+ when added to...Ch. 2.5 - What is the general relationship of [H+] and pH?Ch. 2.5 - Why are buffers important and how do they function...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 24WDYLCh. 2.6 - Why is blood also considered the other two types...Ch. 2.6 - What are four ways solution concentration may be...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 27WDYLCh. 2.7 - What functional groups may act as an acid?Ch. 2.7 - What defines a polymer? List the three...Ch. 2.7 - Do lipid molecules typically dissolve in water?...Ch. 2.7 - Which class of lipids forms cell membranes? What...Ch. 2.7 - What is the repeating monomer of glycogen? Where...Ch. 2.7 - For each of the following, indicate if it is a...Ch. 2.7 - What is the general function of nucleic acids?Ch. 2.7 - What are the structural differences between RNA...Ch. 2.7 - What are the monomers of proteins and the name of...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 37WDYLCh. 2.8 - Prob. 38WDYLCh. 2.8 - Prob. 39WDYLCh. 2.8 - Prob. 40WDYLCh. 2 - Prob. 1DYKBCh. 2 - _____ 2. Substances that dissolve in water include...Ch. 2 - _____ 3. Temperature stabilization is dependent...Ch. 2 - _____ 4. All of the following are accurate about...Ch. 2 - _____ 5. Blood is a mixture that is more...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6DYKBCh. 2 - _____ 7. Glucose is stored as which molecule...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8DYKBCh. 2 - Prob. 9DYKBCh. 2 - _____ 10. When a protein permanently unfolds, it...Ch. 2 - List the common ions of the human body by name,...Ch. 2 - Describe a polar bond and a polar molecule.Ch. 2 - Diagram two water molecules and label the polar...Ch. 2 - Compare and contrast what occurs when a substance...Ch. 2 - Define the terms acid, base, PH, and buffers.Ch. 2 - Explain the units for expressing a concentration...Ch. 2 - List the four organic biomolecules and the...Ch. 2 - Which two organic biomolecules contain nitrogen...Ch. 2 - Describe how phospholipid molecules form the...Ch. 2 - Explain protein denaturation, including bow it...Ch. 2 - Which property of water is significant in children...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2CALCh. 2 - Prob. 3CALCh. 2 - The condition of rickets involves bones that have...Ch. 2 - The hormone insulin is a __________ composed of...Ch. 2 - An individual is exposed to high-energy radiation....Ch. 2 - The lab results from a diabetic patient show a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 3CSL
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