Economics (7th Edition) (What's New in Economics)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134738321
Author: R. Glenn Hubbard, Anthony Patrick O'Brien
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 27, Problem 27.4.3RQ
To determine
Multiplier effect
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Why would a higher tax rate lower the government purchases multiplier? What does the tax rate have to do with the government purchases multiplier?
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Pretend you are a member of the Council of Economic Advisers and are trying to persuade the members of the House Appropriations Committee to purchase $100 billion worth of new materials, in part to stimulate the economy. Explain to the members how the multiplier process will work.
Chapter 27 Solutions
Economics (7th Edition) (What's New in Economics)
Ch. 27.A - Prob. 1PACh. 27.A - Prob. 3PACh. 27.A - Prob. 4PACh. 27.A - Prob. 5PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.1.1RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.1.2RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.1.3RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.1.4PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.1.5PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.1.6PA
Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.1.7PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.2.1RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.2.2RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.2.3PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.2.4PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.2.5PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.2.6PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.2.7PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.2.8PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.3.1RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.3.2RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.3.3PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.3.4PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.3.5PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.3.6PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.4.1RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.4.3RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.4.4PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.4.5PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.4.6PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.4.7PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.4.8PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.4.9PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.5.1RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.5.2RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.5.3PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.5.4PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.5.5PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.5.6PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.5.7PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.1RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.2RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.3RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.4RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.5PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.6PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.7PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.9PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.10PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.6.11PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.7.1RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.7.2RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.7.3RQCh. 27 - Prob. 27.7.4PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.7.5PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.7.7PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.7.8PACh. 27 - Prob. 27.1CTE
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- DERIVE the balance budget multiplierarrow_forwardHow would an increase in taxes influence the size of a multiplier in a four factor modelarrow_forwardSuppose there is some hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the $0.50 they have left over. The following graph plots the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (ADI). Suppose now that the government increases its purchases by $3.5 billion. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD) after the multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD) is parallel to AD₁. You can see the slope of AD, by selecting it on the following graph. PRICE LEVEL 116 114 112 110 108 106 104 102 AD 100 100 102 104 106 108 110 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) 112 114 116 AD₂ | | AD₂ The following graph plots equilibrium in the money market at an interest rate of 3% and a quantity of money equal to $30 billion. Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves on the following graph. Money Supply Money…arrow_forward
- Suppose the following list of events describes all of the economic activity resulting from an increase in government spending. Suppose that at each step after the initial one, the marginal propensity to consume is 0.62 and the tax rate is 8%. Step 0. The government spends $8500 on meat to host a very large dinner for foreign diplomats. Step A. The butcher takes the income earned by selling the meat, saves some, and spends the rest on a wedding cake for his daughter. Step B. The baker who produced the wedding cake saves some of her earnings and uses the rest to purchase beautiful candlesticks as gifts for all of her friends. Step C. The local candlestick maker saves some of his revenue for retirement and spends the rest on building materials to improve his house. Instructions: Modify the settings in the interactive tool to represent this event. Then click "Spending Rounds" and use the table to answer the following questions. Round answers to the nearest cent, if necessary. How much does…arrow_forwardAttempts Average / 3 4. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Consider a hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.75 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.25. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is and the multiplier for this economy is Suppose the government in this economy decides to decrease government purchases by $250 billion. The decrease in government purchases will This decreases income yet again, causing a lead to a decrease in income, generating an initial change in consumption equal to The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending second change in consumption equal to isarrow_forwardSuppose the following list of events describes all of the economic activity resulting from an increase in government spending. Suppose that at each step after the initial one, the marginal propensity to consume is 0.67 and the tax rate is 16%. Step 0. The government spends $8500 on meat to host a very large dinner for foreign diplomats. Step A. The butcher takes the income earned by selling the meat, saves some, and spends the rest on a wedding cake for his daughter. Step B. The baker who produced the wedding cake saves some of her earnings and uses the rest to purchase beautiful candlesticks as gifts for all of her friends. Step C. The local candlestick maker saves some of his revenue for retirement and spends the rest on building materials to improve his house. Instructions: Modify the settings in the interactive tool to represent this event. Then click "Spending Rounds" and use the table to answer the following questions. Round answers to the nearest cent, if necessary. How much…arrow_forward
- Mathematically derive the formula of tax multiplier and interpret it. Does it depend upon marginal propensity to save? Explainarrow_forwardWhat is the Laffer curve. Graphically show how to increase the tax revenue.arrow_forwardIf the marginal propensity to save (MPS) is 1/8, what is the value of the simple spending multiplier?arrow_forward
- Consider a hypothetical economy. Households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.50. The multiplier for this economy is . Suppose government purchases, G, in this economy increase by $300 billion. The increase in G will lead to an increase in income, generating an increase in consumption that increases income yet again, and so on. Fill in the following table to show the impact of the change in G on the first two rounds of consumption spending and, eventually, on national income. Note: Use negative signs if numbers are negative. Change in G = $300 billion First Change in Consumption = billion Second Change in Consumption = billion • • • • • • Total Change in Income = billion Now consider the impact of a similar change in taxes. The (absolute value) of the tax multiplier in this question will be ; thus, if taxes change by $300 billion, spending will change by billion. Based on…arrow_forwardIf the marginal propensity to save in an economy is 0.2, and the marginal propensity to import is 0.35, and the marginal tax rate is 0.25, what is the multiplier?arrow_forwardConsider a hypothetical economy. Households spend $0.90 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.10. The multiplier for this economy is . Suppose government purchases, G, in this economy decrease by $150 billion. The decrease in G will lead to a decrease in income, generating a decrease in consumption that decreases income yet again, and so on. Fill in the following table to show the impact of the change in G on the first two rounds of consumption spending and, eventually, on national income. Note: Use negative signs if numbers are negative. Change in G = −$150 billion First Change in Consumption = billion Second Change in Consumption = billion • • • • • • Total Change in Income = billion Now consider the impact of a similar change in taxes. The (absolute value) of the tax multiplier in this question will be ; thus, if taxes change by -$150 billion, spending will change by billion. Based on…arrow_forward
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