ACHIEVE F/PRACT OF STAT IN LIFE-ACCESS
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319509286
Author: BALDI
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Question
Chapter 27, Problem 27.43E
To determine
To explain do the data show that dead cicadas increase seed mass.
Expert Solution & Answer
Answer to Problem 27.43E
The data do not show that dead cicadas increase seed mass.
Explanation of Solution
In the question, it is given the data for the seed masses produced by cicada-fertilized plants and undistributed control plants. Thus, to find if the data show that dead cicadas increase seed mass or not, then we will use the Wilcoxon rank sum test by using software. The hypotheses will be defined as:
Null hypothesis: There is no difference between them.
Alternative hypothesis: The dead cicadas increase seed masses than the control group.
Thus, the result for the test by using the software is as:
| Cicada plants | Control group |
| 0.237 | 0.212 |
| 0.109 | 0.261 |
| 0.261 | 0.203 |
| 0.276 | 0.215 |
| 0.239 | 0.178 |
| 0.238 | 0.29 |
| 0.218 | 0.268 |
| 0.351 | 0.246 |
| 0.317 | 0.241 |
| 0.192 | 0.188 |
| 0.277 | 0.265 |
| 0.209 | 0.241 |
| 0.227 | 0.285 |
| 0.234 | 0.244 |
| 0.266 | 0.253 |
| 0.21 | 0.19 |
| 0.263 | 0.145 |
| 0.245 | 0.263 |
| 0.31 | 0.135 |
| 0.201 | 0.257 |
| 0.241 | 0.198 |
| 0.238 | 0.19 |
| 0.171 | 0.249 |
| 0.255 | 0.196 |
| 0.296 | 0.247 |
| 0.295 | 0.253 |
| 0.305 | 0.17 |
| 0.226 | 0.155 |
| 0.223 | 0.266 |
| 0.211 | 0.212 |
| 0.142 | 0.253 |
| 0.277 | 0.22 |
| 0.235 | 0.14 |
| 0.296 | |
| 0.217 | |
| 0.193 | |
| 0.257 | |
| 0.276 | |
| 0.229 |
| Label | Data | Rank |
| Cicada plants | 0.237 | 34 |
| Cicada plants | 0.109 | 1 |
| Cicada plants | 0.261 | 52.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.276 | 60.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.239 | 37 |
| Cicada plants | 0.238 | 35.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.218 | 26 |
| Cicada plants | 0.351 | 72 |
| Cicada plants | 0.317 | 71 |
| Cicada plants | 0.192 | 13 |
| Cicada plants | 0.277 | 62.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.209 | 19 |
| Cicada plants | 0.227 | 30 |
| Cicada plants | 0.234 | 32 |
| Cicada plants | 0.266 | 57.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.21 | 20 |
| Cicada plants | 0.263 | 54.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.245 | 42 |
| Cicada plants | 0.31 | 70 |
| Cicada plants | 0.201 | 17 |
| Cicada plants | 0.241 | 39 |
| Cicada plants | 0.238 | 35.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.171 | 8 |
| Cicada plants | 0.255 | 49 |
| Cicada plants | 0.296 | 67.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.295 | 66 |
| Cicada plants | 0.305 | 69 |
| Cicada plants | 0.226 | 29 |
| Cicada plants | 0.223 | 28 |
| Cicada plants | 0.211 | 21 |
| Cicada plants | 0.142 | 4 |
| Cicada plants | 0.277 | 62.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.235 | 33 |
| Cicada plants | 0.296 | 67.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.217 | 25 |
| Cicada plants | 0.193 | 14 |
| Cicada plants | 0.257 | 50.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.276 | 60.5 |
| Cicada plants | 0.229 | 31 |
| Control group | 0.212 | 22.5 |
| Control group | 0.261 | 52.5 |
| Control group | 0.203 | 18 |
| Control group | 0.215 | 24 |
| Control group | 0.178 | 9 |
| Control group | 0.29 | 65 |
| Control group | 0.268 | 59 |
| Control group | 0.246 | 43 |
| Control group | 0.241 | 39 |
| Control group | 0.188 | 10 |
| Control group | 0.265 | 56 |
| Control group | 0.241 | 39 |
| Control group | 0.285 | 64 |
| Control group | 0.244 | 41 |
| Control group | 0.253 | 47 |
| Control group | 0.19 | 11.5 |
| Control group | 0.145 | 5 |
| Control group | 0.263 | 54.5 |
| Control group | 0.135 | 2 |
| Control group | 0.257 | 50.5 |
| Control group | 0.198 | 16 |
| Control group | 0.19 | 11.5 |
| Control group | 0.249 | 45 |
| Control group | 0.196 | 15 |
| Control group | 0.247 | 44 |
| Control group | 0.253 | 47 |
| Control group | 0.17 | 7 |
| Control group | 0.155 | 6 |
| Control group | 0.266 | 57.5 |
| Control group | 0.212 | 22.5 |
| Control group | 0.253 | 47 |
| Control group | 0.22 | 27 |
| Control group | 0.14 | 3 |
| n | sum of ranks | |
| 39 | 1567 | Cicada plants |
| 33 | 1061 | Control group |
| 72 | 2628 | total |
| 1423.50 | |
| 88.47 | standard deviation |
| 1.62 | z, corrected for ties |
| .0530 | p-value (one-tailed, upper) |
As we know that if the P-value is less than or equal to the significance level then the null hypothesis is rejected, so we have,
Thus, we do not have the sufficient evidence to conclude that dead cicadas increase seed masses than the control group.
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Chapter 27 Solutions
ACHIEVE F/PRACT OF STAT IN LIFE-ACCESS
Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.1AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.2AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.3AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.4AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.5AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.6AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.7AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.8AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.9AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.10AYK
Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.11AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.12AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.13AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.14AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.15AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.16AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.17AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.18AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.19AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.20AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.21AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.22AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.23AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.24AYKCh. 27 - Prob. 27.25CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.26CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.27CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.28CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.29CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.30CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.31CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.32CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.33CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.34CYSCh. 27 - Prob. 27.35ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.36ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.37ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.38ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.39ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.40ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.41ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.42ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.43ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.44ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.45ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.46ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.47ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.49ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.50ECh. 27 - Prob. 27.51E
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