NESTER'S MICROBIOLOGY: A HUMAN PERSPECT
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260161373
Author: Anderson, SALM
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 1SA
How do lactobacilli help protect the vagina from potential pathogens?
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
To review:
The way lactobacilli aid to protect the vagina from the pathogens.
Introduction:
Lactobacillus refers to the genus of the bacteria, which is facultatively anaerobic and Gram-positive and along with this it is rod-shaped and nonspore forming bacteria. These are also known to be the prime part of the lactic acid bacteria club and in humans, they contribute the significant element of the microbiota at different sites of the body.
Explanation of Solution
Vaginal flora or also known as vaginal microbiota refers to the microorganisms thatcolonize the vagina and they were found in the year of 1892. The type and the number of bacteria present consists of significant implications for the woman’s overall health and the primary colonizing bacteria present in the healthy individual refer to the genus called Lactobacillus. Thesebacteria produce lactic acid in the vagina and protect the vagina from infection of pathogenic species. The pH (potential of hydrogen) of this is low and it is accepted by the prime mechanism that controls the composition of the vaginal microflora.
Conclusion
Therefore, it can be concluded that the lactobacilli produce the lactic acid in the body, which prevents the vagina from infections.
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Question #3:
In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would
transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming
there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are
inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if:
a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non-
apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic
and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female
first (left side) in the parental cross.
b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non-
apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic
and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female
first (left side) in the…
Question #5:
Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The
genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative
apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C.
At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype.
A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually
reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic
ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following
temperatures*:
a) 15°C?
b) 25°C?
*for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the
female first (left side) in the cross.
Type your answer here:
Chapter 27 Solutions
NESTER'S MICROBIOLOGY: A HUMAN PERSPECT
Ch. 27 - How do lactobacilli help protect the vagina from...Ch. 27 -
2. List four factors that increase the likelihood...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3SACh. 27 - Prob. 4SACh. 27 - Prob. 5SACh. 27 - List three diseases caused by different antigenic...Ch. 27 - Prob. 7SACh. 27 - Prob. 8SACh. 27 - Prob. 9SACh. 27 - Prob. 10SA
Ch. 27 - Prob. 1MCCh. 27 - Prob. 2MCCh. 27 -
3. Which one of the following statements about...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4MCCh. 27 - Prob. 5MCCh. 27 - Prob. 6MCCh. 27 - Prob. 7MCCh. 27 -
8. Which symptom is least likely to occur as a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 9MCCh. 27 - All of the following are true of “trich”...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1ACh. 27 - Prob. 2ACh. 27 - Prob. 1CTCh. 27 - Prob. 2CT
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