Concept explainers
Case summary:
A patient with symptoms like slight increase in extracellular fluid volume, large decrease in plasma sodium concentration, very concentrated urine and cardiac fibrillation.
Adequate information:
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone released by the adrenal gland. It acts as a prime regulator of the sodium chloride (salt) and water content of the body. It causes an increase in salt (sodium chloride) and water reabsorption which leads to increased blood volume and blood concentration. The reabsorption of sodium chloride helps in restoring blood pressure.
To determine:
The name of the hormone that cause symptoms like slight increase in extracellular fluid volume, large decrease in plasma sodium concentration, very concentrated urine and cardiac fibrillation. Also, are these symptoms are caused by oversecretion or undersecretion of the hormone is to be determined.
Given Information:
A patient acquire the following symptoms like slight increase in extracellular fluid volume, large decrease in plasma sodium concentration, very concentrated urine and cardiac fibrillation. The patient body condition change with imbalance in a particular hormone.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
- Describe the changes that occur in response to binding of aldosterone by kidney cells.arrow_forwardRenin is an important proteolytic enzyme produced by the kidney, involved in the control of salt/water balance in the body. Explain the source of renin, how it is secreted and how it acts to ultimately influence plasma volume. A separate hormonal system exists for directly controlling kidney water reabsorption. Explain how this hormone is released and how it exerts its renal effects.arrow_forwardDescribe the functions of the following hormones: Aldosterone Erythropoietin Antidiuretic hormone Angiotensin II Epinephrinearrow_forward
- Assume a person is moderately dehydrated and has low blood pressure. In response, the kidneys and liver will secrete one hormone each. Name the two hormones and explain the three outcomes to re-establish a normal blood pressure.arrow_forwardA patient has a tumor in the adrenal cortex that continuously secretes large amounts of aldosterone. What is this condition called, and what effects does this have on the total amount of sodium and potassium in her body?arrow_forwardName the target tissue of aldosterone, and list theeffects of an increase in aldosterone secretion on theconcentration of ions in the blood.arrow_forward
- The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a disorder of impaired water excretion caused by the inability to suppress the secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Why does the patient experience serum hypernatremia (high sodium), polyuria and polydipsia (excessive thirst)? Explain.arrow_forwardList three conditions that lead to aldosterone release.arrow_forwardA steady increase in the excretion of sodium and chlorine ions causes the insufficiency of one hormone. What is the name of this hormone? Describe manifestations which appear at insufficiency or redundancy of these ions. Explain. 2. The patient was diagnosed with hypernatremia, hypokalemia, increased osmotic blood pressure, edema. a) What pathology occurs in the patient? b) Violation of the secretion of which hormone is observed in this pathology? Name its chemical nature c) Specify the mechanism of action of the hormonearrow_forward
- In the extracellular fluid, an increase in K+ concentration above 5 mM can be life-threatening. Which ONE of the following could cause this condition? O A lack of aldosterone resulting from damaged adrenal glands. O Decreased parathyroid hormone release from the parathyroid glands. An increase in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from the atria of the heart.arrow_forwardDefine atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)arrow_forwardwhich of the following apply to high levels of ADH release? choose all that apply: Aquaporins, much water reabsorption, small volume of concentrated urine, Little water reabsorption, large volume of dilute urine.arrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
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