How to express the number 0.000123 in scientific notation has to be selected from the given options. Concept Introduction: In scientific work, large and very small numbers occurs frequently. But it is been observed that, to record these vast numbers or very small numbers is difficult because, the numbers may get missed while recording them. It is time consuming and the possibilities of error occurrence are also high. Hence to overcome these demerits, a method called scientific notation is used. In this method the numbers are expressed in form of “ A×10 n ” , where A is called the co-efficient, n is the whole number and 10 are called the exponential term. This way of expressing is much easier and error free. If the decimal number is 10 or greater than 10, then the exponent is positive and if the decimal number is less than 1, then the exponent is negative.

Question

Propose syntheses of the following compounds starting with benzene or toluene. Assume ortho and isomers can be separated. a. b. O₂N- Cl COOH para 0. Propose syntheses to carry out each of the following conversions. Assume ortho and para isomers can be separated a. Br b. COOH CH3 NH₂ PABA (active ingredient in some sunscreens)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 2.6, Problem 2QQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

How to express the number 0.000123 in scientific notation has to be selected from the given options.

Concept Introduction:

In scientific work, large and very small numbers occurs frequently. But it is been observed that, to record these vast numbers or very small numbers is difficult because, the numbers may get missed while recording them. It is time consuming and the possibilities of error occurrence are also high. Hence to overcome these demerits, a method called scientific notation is used. In this method the numbers are expressed in form of “A×10n^”, where A is called the co-efficient, n is the whole number and 10 are called the exponential term. This way of expressing is much easier and error free. If the decimal number is 10 or greater than 10, then the exponent is positive and if the decimal number is less than 1, then the exponent is negative.

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Propose syntheses of the following compounds starting with benzene or toluene. Assume ortho and isomers can be separated. a. b. O₂N- Cl COOH para 0. Propose syntheses to carry out each of the following conversions. Assume ortho and para isomers can be separated a. Br b. COOH CH3 NH₂ PABA (active ingredient in some sunscreens)

H3C H C=C CH3 H m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid CH2Cl2, rt C-C--. H3CH2CC H H3C CH3 Cl₂ H₂O NaOH H₂O D. S- E. CH3 H₂O₂, H₂O It CH₂O Na + CHI F. HI, H₂O heat G. 4 OH CH3CHCH3 + ICH2CH3 1. NaH (CH3)3COH (CH3)3 COCHCH2CH3 2. CH3

5. Show how the ether below could be prepared from toluene and any other necessary reagents. Show all reagents and all intermediate structures. H3C- H3C- CI OCH2CH3